生質碳焙燒與燃燒特性研究

Study on the Characteristics of Torrefaction and Combustion for Biochar

陳璿貴(Hsuan-Kuei Chen)

指導教授 ： 林傑

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00269

摘要

本研究利用實驗室填充床反應系統進行生質碳熱處理，調查生質碳衍生多氯聯苯(PCBs)與揮發性芳香烴化合物中(Benzene、Toluene、Ethylbenzene、Xylene，BTEX)的排放。本實驗設計生質碳添加1000 ppm BTEX做為生質碳試燒模擬，結果顯示，測量到苯在600 ℃熱裂解條件下於尾氣端氣相中，測量到甲苯在275 ℃焙燒下於尾氣端氣相中，也測量到乙苯與二甲苯在350 ℃有氧熱處理下於尾氣端氣相中，BTEX濃度值分別為524.30 μg/m3、352.79 μg/m3、559.09 μg/m3、412.05 μg/m3。相對的，生質碳經由熱處理後BTEX破壞去除率分別為99.915 %、99.920 %、99.983 %、99.939 %。觀察所有的實驗實例，作為PCB殘餘相與尾氣端氣相的排放，高氯數的同源物為最主要PCB同源物，包括PCB#114和PCB#126，這兩種化合物顯著的毒性當量值貢獻最高可達94 ％。

關鍵字

生質碳 ； 多氯聯苯 ； 揮發性芳香烴化合物 ； 熱處理 ； 同源物

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were to investigate the emissions of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene, BTEX) during the thermal treatment of biochar in a laboratory scale packed bed reaction system. The experiments were designed by adding 1000 ppm BTEX to simulate the try burn for biochar. The results revealed that benzene was measured in the flue gas stream under the 600 ℃ pyrolysis condition, toluene was measured in the flue gas stream under the 275 ℃torrefaction. Ethylbenzene and xylene were also measured under the 350 ℃ thermal oxidation. The concentrations of BTEX were 524.30 μg/m3, 352.79 μg/m3, 559.09μg/m3 and 412.05 μg/m3, respectively. The relative destruction removal efficiencies of BTEX for biochar thermal treatments were 99.915 %, 99.920 %,99.983 % and 99.939 %, respectively. As for PCB emissions, the residual phases and the flue gas stream were observed for all experimental cases. The most abundant PCB congeners were highly chlorinated-substituted congeners, including PCB#114 and PCB#126. These two compounds contributed significantly the maximum 94 % of toxicity equivalent value.

並列關鍵字

Biochar ； PCB ； BTEX ； Thermal treatment ； Congeners

參考文獻

Arias, B., Pevida, C., Fermoso, J., Plaza, M. G., Rubiera, F., Pis, J. J., 2008, “Influence of Torrefaction on the Grindability and Reactivity of Woody Biomass,” Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 89, No. 2, pp. 169-175.

Beaumontt, O., 0and Schwob, Y., 1984, “Influence of Physical and Chemical Parameters on Wood Pyrolysis,” Industrial Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 637-641.

Bhat, A., Bheemarasetti, J. V. R., Rao, T. R. S., 2006, “Kinetics of Rice Husk Char Gasification,” Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 42, No. 18, pp. 2061-2069.

Bhatia, S. K., Perlmutter, D. D., 1980, “A Random Pore Model for Fluid-Solid Reactions: Part I. Isothermal, Kinetic Control,” AIChE Journal, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 379-386.

Bridgeman, T. G., Jones, J. M., Shield, I., Williams, P. T., 2008, “Torrefaction of Reed Canary Grass, Wheat Straw and Willow to Enhance Solid Fuel Qualities and Combustion Properties,” Fuel, Vol. 87, No. 6, pp.844-856.