- 學位論文
班群教室室內聲環境分析與改善設計之研究
Establishment of Measurement Analysis System and Evaluation of Insulation Performance for Wooden Floor Impact Sound
摘要
台灣在全球國際化的發展下，隨著時代進步台隨的教育受到西方的影響，在教育上越來越重視，在教學空間上進而而發展出多元的學習班群教育空間，但在台灣經濟發展快速下都市化、工業化的過程中所衍生之公害，隨之而來。學校是傳授教育的場所，除了應該重視教育的功能外，教學的環境應達到舒服與健康的要求。 本研究透過實測發現，不管是傳統或班群學習空間裡都出現許多的噪音問題。因此，本研究以國民小學教室為實測對象，以不改變現有建築的構造，在原來的空間下透過現場量測教室環境噪音、迴響時間、語言清晰度、聲壓位準得知室內聲場之相關參數與美國、日本學校指引比較評估，發現班群教室聲環境比傳統教室較差。本研究並且運用電腦聲學模擬軟體建立現場空間模型來模擬，藉由現場聲環境量測與電腦模擬迴響時間 ( Reverberation time，RT ) 、聲壓位準 ( Sound pressure level，SPL )、語言清晰度 ( Speech intelligibility ) 數值比對後，分析班群空間聲環境之變化，提供一個良好之改善班群教室聲環境之方法，提高學生與老師學習效率。 在班群教室實測與聲學電腦模擬進行現場迴響時間量測與電腦模擬比對後，發現兩者百分比差值在7.72％ ~ 17.49％，R2 = 0.797，顯示數值模擬於本研究之有效性。電腦聲學模擬探討分析項目包含迴響時間、聲壓位準、語言清晰度，以班群教室不同吸音面積比率、吸音體位置、改變空間現有材質與改變空間現有輕隔間配置對於空間音場之改善並探討班級上課時聲場是如何相互干擾與變化，以建立最佳學習環境提升學生上課品質。 研究結果顯示，學校案例戶外環境噪音依區位不同約50~70 dB(A)，而多數學校教室室內牆面、天花板及地面多為反射面，造成迴響時間過長，影響教師授課品質。聲壓位準方面，透過量測發現教室上課時聲音會直接透過班群公共空間影響其他教室上課品質，而在班群公共空間上課時，聲音會直接傳遞到個別的教室空間影響各班級上課，因室型與聲源位置不同影響的方式也不同。除此，學校分間牆構造為厚度160~220 mm之RC牆，R′w為42~49 dB，因側向傳音導致隔音性能降低。 電腦模擬結果，將適當的吸音材料，在聲音的傳遞路徑上之天花板與牆面上，會有良好之聲環境，能提高語言清晰度，達到改善教室聲環境之目標，作為未來改善建議之參考依據。
並列摘要
In the world of international development in Taiwan,With the progress of the times with the education of units affected by the West,Increasing emphasis on education,In teaching space and then developed a diverse learning Clustered educational space,However, the rapid economic development in Taiwan under urbanization,Derived from the process of industrialization of pollution. The school is to impart education establishments,In addition to the function of education should pay attention to, the Teaching should reach a comfortable environment and health requirements. This study found that the measured, Whether traditional or Clustered learning spaces have appeared in many noise problems. Therefore, this study was measured elementary school classroom objects Not to change the structure of existing buildings, In the original amount of classroom space measuring ambient noise through the site, Reverberation time, Speech intelligibility, Sound pressure level，That the relevant parameters indoor sound field with the United States,In the original amount of classroom space measuring ambient noise through the site, Reverberation time, Speech intelligibility, Sound pressure level numerical comparison，That the relevant parameters indoor sound field with the United States, Clustered spatial sound analysis of changes in the environment, Provides a good method for improving the acoustic environment of Clustered classroom, Students and teachers to improve learning efficiency. Clustered measured in the classroom and on-site computer simulations of acoustic reverberation time measurements with the computer simulation comparison,Found that the percentage difference between the 7.72% ~ 17.49%, R2 = 0.797,Display numerical simulation on the validity of this study. Clustered measured in the classroom and on-site computer simulations of acoustic reverberation time measurements with the computer simulation comparison,Found that the percentage difference between the 7.72% ~ 17.49%, R2 = 0.797,Display numerical simulation on the validity of this study.Computer simulations to explore the acoustic analysis of the project includes the reverberation time、sound pressure level、 speech intelligibility, Clustered classrooms with different acoustic area ratio、sound-absorbing body position、material changes in the existing space and changing the spatial configuration of the existing light compartment space for improvement in the sound field of the class to class and to explore how the sound field changes interfering with each other, to create the best learning environment to enhance the quality of students in class. The results show，school Stories outdoor ambient noise according to different location about 50 ~ 70 dB (A),the majority of school classrooms interior walls, ceilings and floors, mostly reflecting surface,causing the reverberation time is too long,impact of teachers teaching quality. Computer simulation results,the appropriate sound-absorbing material,in the transmission path of the sound on the ceiling and walls,have good acoustic environment,can improve speech intelligibility,achieve goals to improve the sound environment of the classroom, future improvements as recommended by reference.