應用有限元素法於臺灣成人頭部之碰撞模擬與損傷分析

本論文主要目的是利用有限元素法模擬臺灣成人頭部碰撞並且評估頭部之損傷。臺灣成人頭部有限元素模型(FEHM)是由屏東基督教醫院(PDH)提供原始CT，透過醫學電腦斷層掃描成像（Computerized Tomography, CT）取得，接著利用三維可視化軟體Avizo將CT圖檔進行整理，以逆向工程法軟體Rhino與Solidworks檢查轉檔，最後以軟體ANSYS進行有限元素分析模型的建構，臺灣成人頭頸之三維有限元素分析模型包括：顱骨、顱腦、大腦鐮、小腦天幕以及7節頸椎。頭部碰撞模擬則採用動態求解器軟體LS-DYNA，首先針對骨骼的構造及機械性質來進行比較，選擇出最適合本研究之機械性質，設定不同的碰撞條件，進行頭部撞擊模擬分析，探討不同角度，包括：前撞(Frontal Impact)、側撞(Lateral Impact)、後撞(Occipital Impact)、頂撞(Parietal Impact)，以及速度的各種條件下，在頭部傳遞的von Mises應力、應變能，並且由模擬得到的頭部加速度計算顱腦損傷準值（Head Injury Criterion, HIC)來評估頭部損傷程度。最後將分析結果回饋給屏東基督教醫院，與實際的頭部損傷臨床案例進行相關性分析。

關鍵字

臺灣本土成人頭頸；電腦斷層掃描成像；電腦輔助設計與分析；撞擊模擬； von Mises應力；顱腦損傷準值(HIC)

並列摘要

The objective of this research is to simulate the impact crash of a Taiwanese adult head and to evaluate its injury using finite element method. A finite element head model (FEHM) of Taiwanese adult head is established using computerized tomography (CT) provided by Pingtung Christian Hospital (PCH). A 3D visualization software, Avizo, is used to trim the raw data of CT images. The surface data can be checked and transformed by using the CAD softwares, Solidworks and Rhino. Finally, the 3D FEHM is established by using the CAE software ANSYS. The FEHM includes skull, brain, Cerebral, Falx, Tentorium Cerebelli, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and seven Vertebra are also added into the model. A commercial code LS-DYNA is used to perform the impact simulations using this FEHM under various impact directions. Several scenarios of human head impact are defined first such as different directions of impact, velocity, and material properties. The von Mises stress, strain energy distribution, and acceleration of the head are obtained from the simulation. Acceleration is used to calculate the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) which has been widely adopted for the assessment of head injury during the car or aircraft accidents. Stress and strain energy are used to correlate the HIC to the potential damage prediction of brain. The simulation and correlation results may be used for the clinical diagnoses of human head in PCH.

並列關鍵字

Taiwanese adult head ； Computerized Tomography ； Finite element head model ； Impact simulation ； von Mises stress ； head injury

參考文獻

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應用有限元素法於臺灣成人頭部之碰撞模擬與損傷分析

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