近年來,臺灣因極端氣候誘發的災害頻率急遽增加,世界銀行將臺灣列為易受災地區,因颱風豪雨所致之土石流災害事件頻傳。預防性疏散避難是目前政府面對土石流災害減災避災方法之一,相較於過往所著重的工程防災,預防性疏散避難在實施上更需要當地居民的配合。本研究透過居民對於土石流災害識覺的層面切入,針對可能或是曾經遭受土石流災害周遭地區的居民,進行居民對於土石流之災害識覺調查研究,以瞭解災害識覺對疏散避難行為之影響。 研究結果顯示來義村受訪居民在發生土石流災害時,其認知上較其他二個村落清楚,避難行動撤離較果斷,乃因其有較高之災害識覺,對避難時之態度與行為上與其他兩個村居民有所差別。而在卡方檢定中結果顯示,災害識覺與性別、年齡、教育程度、居住時間、家中人口、家中有無行動不便之長者、家中有無需要照顧之幼兒、居住房屋、有無從事農耕、家庭收入、受困次數與避難處次數等12項因素皆有顯著性差異。研究成果除可提供政府單位日後防災訓練講習、演習,或是預防性撤離活動的規劃與進行,亦可作為疏散避難的決策依據。
In recent years, due to the rapid increase in extreme climate-induced disasters, the World Bank has listed Taiwan asa disaster-prone area.Debris flows caused by heavy raineasily occur.Precautionaryevacuationis one of themitigationmethods when government faces adebris flowdisaster.Compared to engineering prevention,the preventiveevacuationneeds morecooperationin the implementationof local residents. This study discusses the effects of hazard perception on evacuation behavior. Investigation was conducted to understand the influences of individual hazard perception on evacuation behaviorwhen residents evacuate. The questionnaire was designed. In addition, the factors that influence evacuation behavior were determined and classified. Results show thatthe hazard perception has influence on evacuation behavior.Higher hazard perception leads more decisive action to evacuation for debris flows disaster.