臺灣活體擱淺鯨豚心肌病之組織病理學探討

Histopathologic Study of Cardiomyopathy in Live-Stranded Cetaceans in Taiwan

翁興民(Hsing-Min Weng)

指導教授 ： 張聰洲 ； 邱明堂

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/獸醫學系所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00321

摘要

臺灣沿海地區每年都會有活體鯨豚擱淺的事件發生，活體擱淺之鯨豚常常於救援過程中死亡，有文獻報告指出鯨豚猝死與心臟血管病變有關，本研究目的為調查救援過程中死亡鯨豚之心臟血管的組織病理學變化。本研究自2012年9月至2013年4月間，蒐集10例於擱淺及救援期間死亡鯨豚之心臟樣本，進行心臟肉眼及組織病理學檢查，輔以Haematoxylin-Basic Fuchsin-Picric acid ( HBFP ) 及Masson’s Trichrome組織化學染色，以及心肌肌鈣蛋白I ( Cardiac Troponin I, cTn I ) 免疫組織化學染色，觀察心肌纖維組織病理變化。10例鯨豚心臟組織病理學均呈現不等程度之心肌纖維間動脈壁肥厚 ( intramural coronary arteries hypertrophy )、心肌纖維呈波浪樣排列 ( wavy fibers )、細胞核旁空泡化 ( perinuclear vacuolization ) 及收縮帶壞死 ( contraction band necrosis ) 病灶。僅1例心肌纖維HBFP染色結果呈多發局部性鮮紅陽性反應； 10例心肌纖維於Masson’s Trichrome染色結果均呈廣泛性心肌纖維化 ( myocardial fibrosis ) 及心肌纖維間動脈旁纖維化 ( perivascular fibrosis )。心肌肌鈣蛋白I免疫組織化學染色結果，10例均呈現廣泛性弱陽性至陰性反應。本研究結果顯示，慢性心臟血管病灶可能於鯨豚擱淺上岸前已形成，推測已受到長期緊迫影響有關，而容易導致心臟血管的缺血性損傷。未來在擱淺救援，需進行臨床心臟血管系統的檢查，以及血清生化檢測數值的監控，並減少救援過程中的緊迫因子。

關鍵字

心肌肌鈣蛋白I ( cTn I ) ； 心肌病 ； 活體擱淺 ； 鯨豚

並列摘要

Live-stranded cetaceans occurred very often on the coast of Taiwan every year, which prone to sudden death during rescued by organizations. The sudden death cetacean related to cardiovascular lesions, were reported. The purpose of this study is to investigate the cardiovascular histopathologic changes in live-stranded cetaceans that died during rescue. Samples from the heart of 10 death cetaceans that had been stranded on the coasts of Taiwan, and experienced human rescue were collected for marcosopic and microscopic examinations of myocardial lesions, using Haematoxylin-Basic Fuchsin-Picric acid ( HBFP ) stain, Masson’s Trichrome stain and immunohistochemical stain for cTn I from September 2012 to April 2013. The histopathological changes in all 10 animals showed that hypertrophy of intramural coronary arteries, wavy fibers, perinuclear vacuolization and contraction band necrosis. HBFP stain demonstrated mild to moderate positive in one case. Masson’s Trichrome stain showed mild to severe myocardial fibrosis and perivascular fibrosis in all 10 cetaceans. Immunohistochemical stain for cTn I showed negative to weak positive in all cetaceans. The result suggested the chronic cardiovascular lesions in this study had occurred before stranding which may related to long-term stress and were easily leading to tissues ischemic injury. Further rescues are required clinical cardiovascular system and serum biochemical examination, and decreased stress factor.

並列關鍵字

Cardiac Troponin I ( cTn I ) ； Cardiomyopathy ； Live-Stranded ； Cetaceans

參考文獻

黃明雯。臺灣鯨豚擱淺的時空分布。碩士論文，國立臺灣大學生態學與演化生物學研究所。2006。

Bouchardy B, Majno G. A new approach to the histologic diagnosis of myocardial infarcts. Cardiology 56, 327-332, 1971.

Bouchardy B, Majno G. Histopathology of early myocardial infarcts. Am J Pathol 74: 301-318, 1974.

Brooks A, Schinde V, Bateman AC, Gallagher PJ. Interstitial fibrosis in the dilated non-ischaemic myocardium. Heart 89 : 1255-1256, 2003.

Butler PJ, Jones DR. Physiology of diving birds and mammals. Physiol Rev 77: 837-899, 1997.