鳳尾蕨全草化學成分及生物活性之研究

鳳尾蕨 (Pteris multifida Poir) 屬於鳳尾蕨科 (Pteridaceae) 鳳尾蕨屬 (Pteris)，廣泛分佈於台灣全島的多年生草本植物，被作為傳統民間用藥治療濕疹、吐血、風濕、腸炎、腹瀉、感冒等。鳳尾蕨全株以甲醇浸泡之萃取物，加水使之懸浮，依序以乙酸乙酯及正丁醇進行分配萃取分離法，分成乙酸乙酯層、正丁醇層及水層。在初期的抑制黃嘌呤酶試驗中，顯示乙酸乙酯層萃取物具有抑制黃嘌呤酶活性。進一步以管柱層析、高效能液相層析或再結晶等方法進行乙酸乙酯層萃取物純化，再經由光譜分析與文獻比對確定其結構，共鑑定出三十個化合物，包含五個三萜類、六個雙萜類、一個倍半萜類、一個單萜類、七個固醇類、四個蒽醌類、兩個生育醇、兩個芳香類、一個色酮類以及一個脂肪族，其中，ent-l5α-hydroxy-kaurene-2β-yl acetate (D3) 為新化合物，ent-kaur-15-en-2β-ol (D4) 為天然物中首次發現的化合物。

關鍵字

鳳尾蕨；鳳尾蕨科；鳳尾蕨屬；化學成分

並列摘要

Pteris multifida Poir. (Pteridaceae), a perennial herbaceous plant, is widely distributed in Taiwan. It has been used in traditional folk medicines for the treatment of eczema, hematemesis, rheumatism, enteritis, diarrhea, and cold. Air-dried whole plant of Pteris multifida was extracted with methanol. The MeOH extract was suspended in H2O, and then partitioned sequentially using EtOAc and n-BuOH. In preliminary xanthine oxidase inhibition assay, the EtOAc layer of the whole plant of P. multifida exhibited xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity that led to the investigation of the bioactive principles of the plant. The EtOAc layer was further purified by column chromatography, HPLC, and recrystallization to yield thirty compounds, including five triterpenoids, six diterpenoids, one sesquiterpenoid, one monoterpenoid, seven steroids, four anthraquinones, two tocopherols, two aromatics, one chromone and one aliphatic. Among these, ent-l5α-hydroxy-kaurene-2β-yl acetate (D3) is a new compound, and ent-kaur-15-en-2β-ol (D4) is isolated from natural sources for the first time. Their structures were determined by spectral analysis.