兒童及少年代表社會參與行為之研究

本研究旨在探究各縣市政府兒童及少年代表社會參與行為之現況，探討各縣市政府兒童及少年代表參與培力計畫之經驗，以及培力組織、兒童及少年福利與權益促進委員會之成人夥伴等支持程度，對於兒童及少年代表社會參與行為之影響，並納入個人背景進行討論，個人背景包含性別、年齡及就學階段。同時找出影響兒童及少年代表社會參與行為之有效預測因子，以作為各縣市政府兒童及少年代表培力計畫發展走向，及改善兒童及少年社會參與福利服務政策之參考。本研究採用問卷調查法，以各縣市政府歷屆兒童及少年代表為研究對象，共獲取165份有效樣本。透過逐步多元迴歸分析發現「性別」、「社會行動的能力」、「社會參與管道與機會提供的支持程度」，會對社會參與行為產生影響。在性別部份，女生社會參與行為比男生多；而社會行動的能力越好者，其社會參與行為就越多；最後，社會參與管道與機會提供的支持程度越高，兒童及少年代表也會展現較積極的社會參與行為。然而，「年齡」、「就學階段」、「資訊蒐集及運用的能力」、「成人夥伴支持程度」、「行政支援與經費編列的支持程度」，則不會對社會參與行為產生影響。最後，根據本研究之研究結果，提出對兒童及少年代表、青少年實務工作者、培力組織、成人夥伴、兒童及少年福利與權益保障法之具體建議。

關鍵字

兒童及少年代表；培力；審議式民主；成人夥伴；社會參與行為

並列摘要

This study is to explore the status of children and youth representatives’ social participation behavior through their experience of join the civic empowerment program that held by city governments, the supports from adult partners that came from cultivate organizations and promotional committee of children and youths welfare and rights. Also, the factors of their personal background includes gender, age and education stages are also been analyzed to find out predictive factors of affecting the social participation behavior of these representatives that are able to give the direction for the civic empowerment program of every city governments and references to improve children and youths participation on social welfare policies. This study collects 165 effective questionnaires filled by children and youth representatives of city governments of passed sessions. Analyzing by stepwise regression, this study finds that “gender”, “ability of social action” and “supporting status of social participate opportunities and ways that were been provided” has affection on the behavior of social participation. Compared with male, female has more social participation behaviors. Representatives who has greater abilities on social actions has more social participation behaviors. At last, higher supporting status of social participate opportunities and ways been provided, representatives shows more positive social participation behaviors. On the other hand, “age”, “education stage”, “ability of collecting and using of informations”, “supports from adult partners”, “supports from administration assistants and budgets” does not have affection on the social participation behavior. At last, according to the results, this study proposes the specific recommendations for children and youth representatives, youth practitioners, empower organizations, adult partners and Act of Children and Youth Welfare and Rights Protection.