不同樓層數隔震建築物的地震反應之比較

A Comparison of Seismic Responses of Isolated Buildings with Different Number of Stories

劉易凡(Liu Yi-Fan)

指導教授 ： 蔡孟豪 ； 盧俊愷

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/土木工程系所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202000044

摘要

本文利用SAP2000將地震輸入至不同樓層數未隔震與48種隔震建築物，進行1530次非線性動力歷時分析。由分析結果探討層間變位角、樓層加速度放大倍率和隔震層位移放大倍率，在不同設計參數時的變化趨勢，最後以最佳化目標函數之方法為依據來探討隔震效益。從研究結果可知，五、十與十五層樓建築物受遠域地震影響時，在特徵強度比(Qd/W)為4%且勁度比(α)為0.3之隔震系統時，上部結構的加速度與層間變位角能達到較佳之隔震效益，但是隔震層需採用較小之勁度比即α=0.05，方可降低隔震層之位移；近斷層地震則需使用Qd/W=4%且α=0.05之參數才有優異之成果。五、十與十五層樓建築物在相同之隔震系統時，五層樓建築物的層間變位角最小，十層樓建築物則發生最大的層間變位需求；加速度放大倍率則是五層樓建築物的反應最大，十五層樓建築物的反應最小。從最佳化目標函數IE值可知，若暫不考量隔震層變形量，五層樓建築物在Qd/W=4%且α=0.2時，不管是受到遠域或近斷層地震之影響皆有最佳的隔震反應；十與十五層樓建築物則是在α=0.3時為最佳。若將隔震層的變形量納入IE值之考量，此時需採用較小之勁度比，才能降低位移放大情形。

關鍵字

隔震設計 ； 近斷層地震 ； 層間變位角 ； 樓層加速度 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

In this paper, SAP2000 is used to input earthquakes to unisolated buildings with different numbers of floors and 48 kinds of isolated buildings. Perform 1530 nonlinear dynamic time history analysis. From the analysis results, explore the interstory drift ratio, story acceleration magnification, and isolation layer displacement magnification. Changes in different design parameters. Finally the method of optimizing the objective function is used as the basis to explore the benefits of isolation. Know from the research results. When five, ten, and fifteen-story buildings are affected by distant earthquakes. When an isolation system with a characteristic intensity ratio (Qd / W) of 4% and a stiffness ratio (α) of 0.3. The acceleration of the superstructure and the interstory drift ratio can achieve better isolation performance. But the isolation layer needs to adopt a smaller stiffness ratio, namely α = 0.05. Can reduce the displacement of the isolation layer. Near-fault earthquakes require Qd / W = 4% and α = 0.05 for excellent results. When five, ten and fifteen-story buildings have the same isolation system, the five-story building has the smallest interstory drift ratio, and the ten-story building has the largest interstory drift ratio. The acceleration magnification is the response of the five-story building is the largest, and the response of the fifteen-story building is the smallest. From the optimized objective function IE value. If the amount of deformation of the isolation layer is not considered for the time being. When a five-story building has Qd / W = 4% and α = 0.2. No matter it is affected by distant or near-fault earthquakes, it has the best isolation response. Ten-story and fifteen-story buildings are best when α = 0.3. If the deformation of the seismic isolation layer is taken into consideration in the IE value, a smaller stiffness ratio is needed at this time to reduce the displacement amplification.

並列關鍵字

Isolation design ； near-field earthquakes ； drift ratio ； floor acceleration ； optimize

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