廢棄物焚化設施之燃燒績效研究

了解廢棄物組成與助燃空氣運用對廢棄物焚化設施焚化績效的影響，本研究以都市清運設施及焚化處理設施收受之廢棄物組成對燃燒結果的影響，並推估焚化設施使用空氣量與過量空氣，最後依焚化設施實際燃燒狀況，探討不同助燃空氣與一次燃燒室、二次燃燒室對焚化績效的影響，研究結果顯示，一般廢棄物來自都市清運設施時，50 %IW與50 %MSW完全燃燒所需理論空氣量為6.33 mol，完全燃燒後CO2濃度13.9 %，來自焚化處理設施時，50 %IW與50 %MSW完全燃燒所需理論空氣量為6.11 mol，完全燃燒後CO2濃度14.7 %，焚化設施廢棄物所需理論空氣量低於清運設施；在MSW混合IW後皆需要較高的理論空氣量，根據焚化廠實測廢氣中CO2濃度範圍推算結果顯示，廢棄物焚化皆約有30 %過量空氣操作調整範圍，助燃空氣含甲烷對燃燒結果顯示完全燃燒後CO2濃度幾乎沒有變化，燃燒後廢氣中SO2、HCl濃度有些微的下降，模擬廢棄物經一次燃燒室及二次燃燒室，結果顯示，以約160 %過量空氣的條件，經過一次及二次燃燒狀況，可使廢棄物燃燒後CO2濃度在實測值範圍內，較符合實際情況，本研究最佳燃燒條件為廢棄物混燒比50 % IW：50 % MSW，在主要燃燒室中助燃空氣含3 %甲烷，過量空氣百分比為122 %，在二次燃燒室中助燃空氣為完全空氣，過量空氣百分比為141 %。

關鍵字

都市固體廢棄物；工業廢棄物；過量空氣；助燃空氣；一次燃燒室

並列摘要

In order to understand the impact of waste composition and combustion air utilization on the incineration performance, the waste composition received by urban clearing facilities and incineration facilities. And estimate the use of air and excess air in incineration facilities, and finally investigate the impact of different combustion air and primary combustion chamber and secondary combustion chamber on incineration performance according to the actual combustion conditions of incineration facilities. The results showed that when the general waste came from the urban clearing facilities, the theoretical air volume required for complete combustion of 50% IW and 50% MSW is 6.33 mol, the CO2 concentration after complete combustion was 13.9%, and when it came from incineration facilities, the theoretical air volume required for complete combustion of 50% IW and 50% MSW was 6.11 mol, the CO2 concentration after complete combustion was 14.7%. The theoretical air volume required for incineration facility waste was lower than that of the clearing facility; after the MSW is mixed with IW, a higher theoretical air volume is required. According to the calculation results of the range of CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas measured by the incineration, the waste incineration has about 30% excess air operation adjustment range. The combustion of air contained methane has only slightly affected the CO2 concentration after combustion, and the concentration of SO2 and HCl in the exhaust gas slightly decreased after combustion. The simulated waste passes through the primary chamber and the secondary chamber. The results showed that with the condition of about 160% excess air, after the primary and secondary combustion conditions, the CO2 concentration of the waste after combustion can be within the measured value range, which was more realistic. In the case, the best combustion condition in this study is 50% IW: 50% MSW, the combustion air in the primary chamber contains 3% methane, the percentage of excess air is 122%, and the combustion air in the secondary chamber is Complete air, the percentage of excess air is 141%.