模糊多目標規劃法於多機離岸風力系統之最佳維修批量決策

近年來全球高度重視氣候變遷與永續發展的議題，應用綠色能源已成為世界各國重點發展領域，其中風力發電為綠能能源產業中重要的一環。現代風力機逐漸朝向大型化及離岸系統發展，大型化離岸系統首要面臨是系統可靠度問題，因大型化離岸系統長期處於惡劣的海上環境，使得故障率提高。為了提升多機離岸風電系統維護策略的準確性，如何控管零組件更換週期與選擇最適零組件供應商是相當重要的議題。在實務規劃中，需安排定期維護保養，還同時制定預測性維護策略，策略中需考量多機、多零件、多供應商與零件可靠度等因素，並以各零組件供應商提供之資訊（如：採購成本、運輸成本、調整成本與檢驗成本等），決定最適採購零組件供應商。在採購零組件時，同時考量成本與可靠度兩個目標具有衝突性，且因技術與資訊不完整，造成目標皆具有模糊與不確定性。本研究針對離岸風電長期規劃，並考量多機、多項零組件與多個供應商，也將採購零組件相關成本與零組件可靠度列入考量之情境下，並以最小化總維護成本與最大化離岸風場總平均可靠度為目標，利用模糊多目標線性規劃法，建構離岸風電系統零組件維修批量決策模式，且以LINGO 15.0進行求解，決定最適零組件供應商選擇與採購數量。為驗證本研究提出之模式具實用性，以一個離岸風場為例進行模式測試，並利用兩種不同的隸屬函數來進行模式測試，之後加入補償係數與權重值進行模式改寫，四種模式的測試結果皆符合實務之需求，並針對模式中重要參數進行敏感度分析，其結果可提供離岸風電系統運維商進行零組件採購規劃時之決策參考。

關鍵字

離岸風力系統；維修批量；可靠度；模糊多目標線性規劃

並列摘要

The world attaches great importance to the issue of climate change and sustainable development in recent years. The application of green energy has become an important area of development in all countries of the world, where wind power is a spindle in the green energy industry. Offshore wind turbines are gradually developing towards large size, capacity, load and coupled with working in harsh marine environments leads to challenges through the system reliability. Because the failure rate of large-scale offshore systems for long time working obtain increased in marine environments. In order to improve the accuracy of the maintenance strategy for multi-offshore wind systems, how to develop a maintenance planning for components and select suitable suppliers are very important. In practice, regular maintenance needs to be arranged, and a predictive maintenance strategy needs to be formulated. The strategy needs to consider factors such as multi-wind turbines, multi-components, multi-suppliers, and component reliability, and use the information provided by each supplier to determine a lot of components suitable suppliers. Since purchasing components involve uncertainties, associated with cost and component reliability due to the objectives frequently lack precision. This study aims to integrate multi-wind turbines, multi-components, multi-suppliers, component reliability, and procurement cost for the long-term maintenance planning in offshore wind farms. This study proposed fuzzy multi-objective linear programming (FMOLP) model that aims to minimize total maintenance costs and maximize the total average reliability of offshore wind farms for solving optimal lot-sizing of maintenance planning by using LINGO 15.0 for multi-wind turbines offshore wind system. An offshore wind farm case for two different membership functions (i.e. the piecewise linear and S-curve), the compensation coefficient and the weight value were used to test the proposed models. The complete results presented in this study can provide decision-making managers with a better understanding of systematic analysis of the cost-effectiveness and system reliability of the long-term maintenance planning in offshore wind farms. The analysis results in this study can provide decision-making managers by enabling systematic analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the long-term maintenance planning in offshore wind farms.