身體活動量對中高齡者照護風險與功能性體適能影響之 研究

The Effects of Physical Activities on the Care Risks and Functional Fitness of the Middle-aged and Elderly People

吳佳峰(Wu Jia-Feng)

指導教授 ： 蘇蕙芬

國立屏東科技大學/人文暨社會科學院/休閒運動健康系所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202100258

摘要

本研究目的旨在為探討不同身體活動量對中高齡者照護風險與功能性
體適能之影響。研究對象與場域以屏東地區社區關懷據點年滿 55歲以上中高齡者30名（男性 12人，女性 18人） 平均年齡 73±2.61歲， 以立意分組方式 分為高身體活動量組 15人、基礎活動量組15人。 兩組 研究參與者皆須配戴智慧運動手環，12週實驗過程中會進行前後測量介護預防篩檢表與功能性體適能檢測，以比較不同身體活動量 照護風險與功能性體適能之影響。資料處理分析採描述性統計及 二因子混合設計變異數分析。研究結果發現介護預防篩檢表 方面，高身體活動量 組的綜合性潛在風險成績 (3.63±2.11 vs 5.40±2.70) 顯著優於基礎 身體活動量組 (p<.05)。功能性體適能方面，高身體活動量組的椅子坐立 (22.27±3.59 vs 18.27±2.69) 與原地抬膝(110.24±13.51 vs 94.67±15.90) 成績皆顯著優於基礎 身體活動量組 (p<.05)。結論，較高的身體活動量 有較低的照護風險；在功能性體適能部分高身體活動量有較佳的下肢肌肉適能與心肺耐力。建議未來的研究持續探討高齡者照護風險與功能性體適能的相關影響因素，能讓臺灣高齡者在衰弱前期及早預防並建立功能性體適能運動處方。

關鍵字

身體活動量 ； 照護風險 ； 介護預防篩檢表 ； 功能性體適能

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different physical activities on the care risks and functional fitness of the middle-aged and elderly people. The research objects and sites were 30 senior citizens (12 males and 18 females) over 55 years old in the community in Pingtung, with an average age of 73±2.61 years old. They were divided into two groups, with 15 people in each, the basic activity group and the high physical activity group with the intentional grouping method. The participants in the both groups in the research were required to wear the smart sports bracelets. During the 12-week experiment, a pre- and post-measurement Kihon Checklist and the functional fitness test would be performed to compare the care risks and functional fitness of different physical activities. The data processing analysis adopted descriptive statistics and the two-way mixed-design ANOVA. The results of the study found that the comprehensive potential risk score in the high physical activity group (3.63±2.11 vs. 5.40±2.70) showed significantly better than that of the low physical activity group (p<.05) in terms of the Kihon Checklist. In addition, with regard to functional fitness, chair stand (22.27±3.59 vs. 18.27±2.69) and 2-minute step (110.24±13.51 vs. 94.67±15.90) presented the noticeable outcomes in the high physical activity group. For this reason, the high physical activity group performed remarkably better than the normal physical activity group (p<.05). To sum up, increasing the number of physical activities can effectively improve and prevent the risk of debilitating; in the part of functional fitness, high physical activity can improve the test results of chair stand and 2-minute step. It is recommended that future research continues to explore the factors related to the care risks and functional fitness of the elderly in Taiwan, so that the elderly in Taiwan can prevent and establish functional fitness exercise prescriptions earlier in the pre-debilitating period.

並列關鍵字

Physical activity ； Nursing risk ； Kihon checklist ； Functional fitness

參考文獻

中文文獻

方怡堯、張少熙、何信

弘 2015 。多元性運動訓練對社區高齡者功能性

體適能之影響。 體育學報 48( 59-72。

王莉婷（