身心機能活化運動對社區高齡者體適能之影響

The Effect of Physical and Psychological Activation Exercises on the Physical Fitness of the Elderly in the Community

黃睿宏(Jui-Hung Huang)

《旅遊健康學刊》 20卷1期 (2021/12) Pp. 1-22

摘要

為因應國內人口老化與高齡社會到來及其衍生之長期照顧需求，政府規劃長期照顧十年計畫2.0，推動社區整體照顧新創服務，期能在原先的社區照顧關懷據點，提供預防與延緩失能的服務，建置具整合性之社區整體預防照護模式。其中，在全臺灣各地執行多元照顧方案模組，藉由在地老化的理念建立以鄰近長者居住的社區為基礎的預防及延緩失能照護服務體系，達到預防與延緩失能失智的目的。本研究目的透過社區關懷據點銀髮族，進行身心機能活化運動的課程活動，教導相關知識技能，並配合銀髮族體適能檢測與健康行為問卷調查，協助高齡者透過運動健康促進，了解社區高齡者生理與心理狀態及其成效。本研究結果為：一、社區的高齡者在從事新創銀髮族預防延緩失能服務模式的課程活動後，其身心狀況皆有顯著的進步。二、社區高齡者學習社區預防延緩失能服務模組所規劃之課程方案的相關知能，能夠促進社區銀髮族身心健康，發揮初級預防照顧功能，建立連續性照護體系。三、由社區長輩擔任志工，可發揮社區自助互助照顧功能，落實在地老化精神，並持續推動社區預防延緩失能服務模組至其他社區，建立各社區自主運作模式。四、透過社區銀髮族體適能與健康行為檢測，可了解其身心狀態，促進高齡者健康。各社區關懷據點的銀髮族皆能達到健康老化、成功老化以及活躍老化的目標。五、社區高齡者對於「長健」的需求更勝於「長照」，期望延壽不僅限於年歲，而是將良好的身心靈狀態延續，而透過中、高強度體適能及肌力訓練等體能活動，能夠延長高齡者的健康狀態，並建立社區的高齡者長健意識。未來也將持續推動銀髮族延緩失能失智新創模組的課程至其他社區，亦可提供政府與相關單位，在擬定高齡者規劃健康促進方案政策上作為參考。

關鍵字

在地老化 ； 身心機能活化運動 ； 銀髮族體適能檢測 ； 成功老化

並列摘要

In response to the aging of the domestic population and the arrival of an aging society and the resulting long-term care needs, the government plans the Long-term Care Ten-Year Plan 2.0 to promote overall community care and innovative services, and hope to provide prevention and delay loss in the original community care and care base. Provide effective services and build an integrated community-based overall preventive care model. Among them, the implementation of multiple care program modules throughout Taiwan, with the concept of local aging, establishes a community-based prevention and delay care service system for disability and dementia based on the neighborhood where the elderly live, to achieve the purpose of preventing and delaying disability and dementia. The purpose of this research is to use community care bases for the senior to take physical and psychological activation exercises, teach relevant knowledge and skills, and cooperate with silver-haired people's physical fitness testing and health behavior questionnaires to assist seniors through exercise health Promote and understand the physical and psychological state of the elderly in the community and their effectiveness. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The elderly in the community have made significant progress in their physical and mental conditions after engaging in the curriculum activities of the newly created service model for the prevention and delay of disability for the silver -haired group. 2. The elderly in the community learn the relevant knowledge and skills of the curriculum plan planned by the community prevention and delay disability service module, which can promote the physical and mental health of the silver-haired people in the community, play the primary preventive care function, and establish a continuous care system. 3. Elders in the community serve as volunteers, which can give full play to the community's self-help and mutual assistance care function, implement the local aging spirit, and continue to promote the community's disability prevention and delay service modules to other communities, and establish an autonomous operation model for each community. 4. Through the physical fitness and health behavior testing of the silver-haired people in the community, we can understand their physical and mental state and promote the health of the elderly. The silver-haired people in each community care base can achieve the goals of healthy aging, successful aging, and active aging. 5. The needs of the elderly in the community for ＂Long-term physical and mental health promotion＂ are better than those for ＂Long-term care＂. The expectation of longevity is not limited to age, but to maintain a good physical and mental state through medium and high-intensity physical fitness and muscle strength training. Other physical activities can prolong the health status of the elderly and establish a healthy awareness of the elderly in the community. In the future, it will continue to promote the courses of the silver-haired people's new innovation module for delaying disability and dementia to other communities. It can also provide the government and related units as a reference in drawing up health promotion plans for the elderly.

並列關鍵字

Local aging ； Physical and psychological activation exercises ； Elderly physical fitness test ； Successful aging ； Active aging