廢照明光源處理廠汞流佈之風險評估

目前生活中含汞產品大部份為燈管，當廢棄照明光源再回收清除處理過程當中未善盡妥善存放，則易造成汞蒸氣逸散於空氣中或污染地下水體，當人們飲用含汞污染水體則可能會造成病變。本研究使用物質流分析方式，將回收處理廢照明光源螢光粉及汞蒸氣進行流佈調查，瞭解處理廠內高風險危害處，選定其中具高危害風險3家處理廠，進行廠內汞蒸氣濃度檢測分析之風險評估。廠內處理廢照明光源空氣中逸散量、再生料暫存區、廢棄物暫存區、衍生物產出口、隔離區進出口、衍生物貯存區、己蒸餾螢光粉貯存區、汞及其化合物貯存區、活性碳吸附槽之汞含量為21.60%、2.01%、0.53%、0.43%、0.32%、0.08%、70.09%、4.38%。針對空氣中汞逸散量進行數據風險評估分析結果顯示，廠內各檢測點在非致癌危害指數情境1為0.032-0.212間、情境2為0.053-0.361間、情境3為0.080-0.541間其危害指標均小於1。作業人員配戴呼吸式防毒面罩均可防止作業當中汞蒸氣之隔離並可有效降低汞的危害，並將所有的數值於QR-CODE 上雲端記錄讓進入該作業區域作業人員可得知高風險危害之處。廢照明光源逐漸被LED取代近而對人類的危害影響逐漸降低，將有效提升回收率，以達循環經濟將達成國際間汞物質最終使用目的。

關鍵字

廢照明光源；汞；汞流佈；作業環境

並列摘要

At present, most of the mercury products in life are lamps. When the abandoned illumination lighting source is not properly stored during the recycling process. It is easy to cause mercury vapor to escape in the air or pollute the groundwater. When people drink mercury-contaminated water, it may cause disease. This study used substance flow analysis to investigate the flow and distribution of fluorescent powder and mercury vapor of waste lighting sources in recycle treatment to identify places with high risks of hazards in treatment plants. This study selected 3 treatment plants with high risks of hazards to assess the risks of the plants by detecting and analyzing the mercury vapor concentration in the plants. The mercury fugitive emission from treatment of waste lighting sources at the regenerated material temporary storage zone, waste temporary storage zone, derived product outlet, isolation area inlets and outlets, storage zone of derived products, storage zone of distilled fluorescent powder, storage zone of mercury and mercury-containing composites, and active carbon adsorption tank in the plant were 21.60%, 2.01%, 0.53%, 0.43%, 0.32%, 0.08%, 70.09%, and 4.38%, respectively. Risk assessment and analysis results of the fugitive emission of mercury revealed that the noncarcinogenic risk or hazard index in each of the inspection spots in the plant was within 0.032–0.212 in Situation 1, 0.053–0.631 in Situation 2, and 0.080–0.541 in Situation 3; all values of the hazard index was lower than 1. Personnel in the treatment plant can wear a respirator to ward off mercury vapor during the treatment process and effectively reduce the hazard from mercury. Updating all the values through Quick Response Codes on a cloud system can keep personnel entering the operating zone informed of places with high risks of hazards. Waste illumination lighting sources are gradually replaced by LED and the impact on humans is gradually reduced. Will effectively improve recycling rate The circular economy will achieve the ultimate use of mercury in international countries.