構造用鋼銲接製程分析之研究

A Study on Analysis of Welding Process of Structural Steel

陳柏均(Chen Bo-Jun)

指導教授 ： 陳勇全

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202200188

摘要

本論文主要是探討不同銲接製程參數對構造用鋼銲接變形與殘留應力之影響。首先，進行小型試片之銲接實驗，量測銲接過程之溫升、變形與殘留應力之變化情形，並觀察銲件的金相顯微組織與熔池幾何尺寸。接著，利用商用銲接模擬分析軟體Simufact Welding，建立小型試片之三維熱彈塑性有限元素模型，來進行試片銲接過程之模擬。模擬所得結果，並與試片之銲接實驗結果比對，確認所提有限元素模型之準確性。本研究，構造用鋼大型試片銲接接頭之設計是依據EN 15085-3。並建立其有限元素模型，來探討不同銲接長度、不同銲接順序、不同銲接參數及不同銲接道數，對構造用鋼銲接變形及殘留應力之影響。另外，也探討銲後熱處理對殘留應力之影響。
研究結果顯示，在本文所探討之參數範圍內，最佳銲接製程參數為銲接長度為300 mm、銲接順序為Case 6、銲接參數為Case E以及銲接道數為打底銲加三道塡料銲接。依照此最佳銲接製程參數，對構造用鋼進行銲後熱處理模擬分析，結果得知其縱向殘留應力可降低22.5 %。

關鍵字

構造用鋼 ； 銲接參數 ； 殘留應力 ； EN 15085-3 ； 熱彈塑性有限元素模型 ； 銲後熱處理

並列摘要

In this thesis, the effects of various welding process parameters on the deformation and residual stress of structural steel are explored. Firstly, small test specimens are used to make the welding experiment. The temperature rise, deformation, and residual stress of the specimens are measured during the welding process. The metallography and the molten pool dimensions of the specimens are also obtained. Then, a three-dimensional thermo-elastic-plastic finite element model of the small test specimen is proposed to simulate the welding process using the commercial welding simulation software Simufact Welding. The simulation results are compared with the experimental results to confirm the accuracy of the proposed finite element model. In this study, the design of welding joints for large test specimens of structural steel follows EN 15085-3. The finite element model is established to explore the effects of different welding lengths, welding sequences, welding parameters, and different filler welding passes on the deformation and residual stress of the structural steel. In addition, the effect of post weld heat treatment on residual stress is also discussed.
The results show that the optimum welding process parameters obtained from the parameters discussed in this study are the welding length of 300 mm, the welding sequence of Case 6, the welding parameters of Case E, and the welding pass of backing weld plus three filler welding. The longitudinal residual stress of the structural steel obtained from the post weld heat treatment simulation can be reduced by 22.5 %.

並列關鍵字

Structural Steel ； Welding Parameters ； Residual Stress ； EN 15085-3 ； Thermo-elastic-plastic Finite Element Model ； Post-weld Heat Treatment

參考文獻

1. Ren, S., Li, S., Wang, Y., Deng, D., and Ma, N., 2019, “Finite element analysis of residual stress in 2.25 Cr-1Mo steel pipe during welding and heat treatment process,” Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 47, pp. 110-118.

2. 肖茂，2020，「轉向架側梁銲接殘餘應力與變形仿真分析｣，碩士論文，西南交通大學，交通運輸工程學院，成都。

3. Chen, Z., Chen, Z. C., and Shenoi, R., 2015, “Influence of welding sequence on welding deformation and residual stress of a stiffened plate structure,” Ocean Engineering, Vol. 106, pp. 271-280.

4. 黃小葉，2008，「銲接構架測梁殘餘應力數值模擬分析｣，碩士論文，西南交通大學，車輛工程學院，成都。

5. Islam, M., Buijk, A., Rais-Rohani, M., and Motoyama, K., 2014, “Simulation-based numerical optimization of arc welding process for reduced distortion in welded structures,” Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 84, pp. 54-64.