皇冠草 (Iguacu 2009) 組織培養之研究

Studies on the in vitro propagation of Echinodorus spp. ‘Iguacu 2009’

蔡昆霖(Tsai Kun-Lin)

指導教授 ： 吳宗孟

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/水產養殖系所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202200311

摘要

隨著觀賞水族的興起，使得具有觀賞價值的觀賞水草逐漸受到關注，但水草多是在自然環境中生產，容易受到藻類、螺類等附生生物危害，造成出口檢疫的阻礙，有些水草種類繁殖方式也較為困難，難以滿足市場需求，例如台灣水族市場俗稱2009霸王皇冠的皇冠草 (Echinodorus spp. ‘Iguacu 2009’)，因具有深綠色心形的葉片，成為較受歡迎的水草之一，但在自然環境中生長繁殖速度較慢，須培養半年以上才能進行分株繁殖。因此作為本實驗的實驗物種，利用植物組織培養 (plant tissue culture) 技術進行繁殖，提升 2009 霸王皇冠的生產繁殖效率，生產乾淨無菌的水草植株。在實驗結果中，找出 2009 霸王皇冠最適合的芽增殖與根誘導條件。將 2009 霸王皇冠塊莖基部作為外植體，在含有 1.0 mg/L 噻苯隆 (thidiazuron, TDZ) 搭配 0.5 mg/L 1-萘乙酸 (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA) 的MS培養基上培養5週後，芽誘導率達到93.3%，能夠長出8.8±2.8個不定芽，再以不定芽作為外植體，在含有 0.5 mg/L 6-苄氨基腺嘌呤 (6-benzylaminopurine, 6-BA) 的 MS 培養基上培養 5 週後，發根率達到 91.7%，長出 7.7±4.2 根不定根，根長度 2.7±1.0 公分，最後將長出根的無
菌植株作為外植體，使用水上葉 (the aerial leaf) 和水下葉 (the submerged leaf) 兩種栽培方式進行出瓶馴化 1 個月，存活率皆為 100%，並分別長出 3.0±0.7 和 2.8±1.1 片葉片。

關鍵字

皇冠草 ； 芽增殖 ； 根誘導 ； 觀賞水草 ； TDZ ； 6-BA ； NAA

並列摘要

With the rise of ornamental aquariums, ornamental aquatic plants with ornamental value have gradually attracted attention. However, aquatic plants are mostly produced in the natural environment and are easily harmed by epiphytes such as algae and snails, resulting in obstacles to export quarantine, and some species of aquatic plants breed. The method is also more difficult to meet the market demand. For example, Echinodorus spp. 'Iguacu 2009' has become one of the more popular aquatic plants due to its dark green heart-shaped leaves. However, the growth and reproduction rate in the natural environment is relatively slow, and it must be cultivated for more than half a year to carry out division propagation. Therefore, as the experimental species of this experiment, the plant tissue culture technology was used for propagation to improve the production and reproduction efficiency of Echinodorus spp. 'Iguacu 2009', and to produce clean and sterile aquatic plants. In the experimental results, find out the most suitable conditions for shoot proliferation and root induction of Echinodorus spp. 'Iguacu 2009'. The Echinodorus spp. 'Iguacu 2009' tuber bases were used as explants and cultured for 5 weeks in MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L thidiazuron and 0.5 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, the shoot induction rate reached 93.3%, and 8.8±2.8 adventitious shoots grew. The adventitious shoots were used as explants and cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine for 5 weeks, the rooting rate reached 91.7%，and 7.7±4.2 adventitious roots grew, the root length was 2.7±1.0 cm. Finally, the rooted sterile plants were used as explants, and two cultivation methods, the aerial leaf and the submerged leaf, were used for acclimation for 1 month, and the survival rate was 100%, and grow 3.0±0.7 and 2.8±1.1 leaves respectively.

並列關鍵字

Echinodorus spp. 'Iguacu 2009' ； shoot proliferation ； root induction ； ornamental aquatic plants ； thidiazuron ； 6-benzylaminopurine ； 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

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