超音波輔助萃取法對香蕉花序抗氧化能力之影響

The effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on antioxidant activity of banana inflorescence

蘇昱云(Su Yu-Yun)

指導教授 ： 許祥純 ； 高莫森

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/食品科學系所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202200409

摘要

香蕉花序位於香蕉尾端，含有苞片及雄花，生長到一定程度時，會與香蕉競爭生長養分，農民因而將花序摘除，形成農業廢棄物。研究顯示香蕉花序具有抗癌症、抗發炎、保護心臟等生理功效。超音波輔助萃取(ultrasound-assisted extraction)為新興加工技術，可縮短萃取時間、降低能源消耗、提高傳播速率等優點，常應用於萃取植物中生物活性成分。本研究以傳統及超音波輔助萃取二種方式萃取香蕉苞片及雄花，評估生物活性(總酚及總類黃酮)及抗氧化能力(DPPH及ABTS自由基清除能力)，並以田口法探討最佳萃取條件。以不同萃取條件進行傳統(乙醇濃度、固液比、溫度及時間)及超音波輔助(功率、乙醇濃度、固液比及時間)萃取，以田口法探討傳統及超音波輔助萃取香蕉苞片及雄花總酚之最佳條件。實驗結果顯示傳統萃取香蕉苞片在60%乙醇、固液比1:35、50℃萃取45分鐘及雄花在40%乙醇、固液比1:35、55℃萃取45分鐘條件下獲得較高總酚含量，分別為8.76±0.09及50.64±0.63 mg/g。超音波輔助萃取香蕉苞片及雄花皆於150 W、60%乙醇、固液比1:35萃取8分鐘可獲得最高總酚含量9.43±0.23及60.37±0.54 mg/g。比較傳統及超音波輔助萃取香蕉苞片及雄花抗氧化活性成分影響，以超音波輔助萃取香蕉苞片及雄花分別可提高1.29及1.28倍總類黃酮含量，且DPPH及ABTS自由基清除能力之IC50濃度最低。研究顯示，超音波萃取可提高香蕉花序生物活性成分之萃取，且香蕉雄花高於香蕉苞片，可作為萃取來源。

關鍵字

農業廢棄物 ； 香蕉花序 ； 超音波輔助萃取 ； 抗氧化能力 ； 田口法

並列摘要

The banana inflorescence contains bract and male flowers. When the growth of inflorescence reaches a certain extent, it will compete with bananas fruits for nutrients. Therefore, it is usually removed and discarded as agricultural waste. Reports have indicated that banana inflorescence has physiological effects such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardio-protective. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an emerging technology to extract biologically active components from plants. Its advantages include reduced extraction time and energy consumption and improved mass transfer rates. However, this technology has not been explored for banana inflorescence extraction. This study aimed to investigate bioactive compounds (total phenolics and total flavonoids) and antioxidant ability (DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability) of banana bract and male flowers extracted by conventional and UAE and to identify the optimum extraction conditions by the Taguchi method to achieve the highest total phenolics. The optimum conditions of conventional extraction for banana bract were found 60% ethanol, a solid to liquid ratio of 1:35, and extraction temperature and time of 50℃ and 45 min, respectively. For male flowers, the optimum conditions of conventional extraction were 40% ethanol, a solid to liquid ratio of 1:35, and extraction temperature and time of 55℃, and 40 min, respectively. These conditions yielded bract and male flower extracts with total phenolic content of 8.76±0.09 and 50.64±0.63 mg/g, respectively. On the other hand, the highest total phenolic content of banana bract and male flower using UAE were 9.43±0.23 and 60.37±0.54 mg/g, respectively, which were achieved at a power of 150 W, 60% ethanol, a solid to liquid ratio of 1:35, and extraction time of 8 min. Besides, UAE yielded banana bract and male flower extracts with 1.29 and 1.28 fold higher concentrations of flavonoid compounds as compared with the conventional method. Furthermore, the IC50 of DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability of banana bract and male flower obtained by UAE were lower than those obtained by conventional extraction. This study showed that banana inflorescence can be valorized to obtain a biologically active extract. Also, UAE was found to be a promising method to yield inflorescence extracts with high concentrations of bioactive compounds.

並列關鍵字

agricultural wastes ； banana inflorescence ； ultrasound-assisted extraction ； antioxidant activities ； Taguchi method

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