蘇打燒器皿於土窯燒製之創作研究

蘇打燒從1970年代開始漸漸取代鹽燒盛行於在歐美洲國家。本創作研究為探討蘇打燒的發展、燒成方式及其作品釉面效果，以文獻分析法分析國外蘇打燒代表案例及陶瓷工藝家的燒成方式，汲取可行方法應用於實驗中。再以實驗研究法設計三種不同之蘇打粉份量搭配兩種蘇打引進窯內之方式，施行六次的蘇打燒實驗，透過實驗整理及分析，探究蘇打粉在土窯燒製中適宜的使用份量，及使用不同蘇打引進窯內之方式（包裹蘇打的方式及噴射蘇打的方式）燒製出來的作品釉面效果之差異。最後找出適宜燒成的模式，提供國小美術教師、陶藝工作者及未來研究者作為參考。創作研究結果發現：一、蘇打引進窯內的六種方式中，國外陶瓷工藝家較常使用角鋼引進蘇打的方式及噴射蘇打的方式燒製蘇打燒，其中又以使用噴射蘇打方式居多。二、本創作研究自製土窯的窯室空間為25x20x26cm3，在此空間窯燒時，為使窯內作品能產生較明顯的橙皮質感釉面，使用50公克之蘇打粉份量顯得較為適切。三、經由六次實驗發現，窯燒時使用噴射蘇打方式燒製之作品呈現的釉面範圍分布較廣，包裹蘇打方式燒製之作品呈現的釉面範圍分布較不勻稱。四、由六次窯燒實驗整理出自製土窯燒製蘇打燒的適宜溫度曲線，建議溫度能燒至1260度，並持溫20分鐘使坯體持續蓄熱，較能燒出明顯光澤的橙皮質感釉面，且此模式燒製出的作品符合個人喜好的侘寂（Wabi-sabi）美學效果。　　從創作研究結果得知以自製之土窯燒製蘇打燒為可行的一種窯燒方式，使用適量的蘇打粉以及適切的蘇打引進方式，能燒製出較明顯的橙皮質感釉面。未來若有研究者想從事蘇打燒的相關研究，可以持續發展其窯燒模式探究不同窯燒變項所燒製出來的釉面效果，亦能研究開發蘇打窯燒活動的教學模式，將一套完整的製陶、燒陶帶入學生的課程之中。

關鍵字

蘇打燒；土窯；陶瓷器皿；陶瓷工藝創作

並列摘要

The Soda Firing has been widely popular and even replaced the Salt Firing since the 1970 in Europe and America. This study took a close look of the three aspects: the development of the Soda Firing, the creating methods and the effect of the glaze. The analysis for the cases of the Soda Firing in Europe and America can support the experiment. In this thesis, the design of the experiment discovered three materials which can be the key to the creation. At the first, it is the portion of the three different soda. Hence, after the experiments for six times, the surface of the glaze can be various because the amount of the soda powder and the introducing timing and methods, such as the spraying and the covering ways. In this thesis, I would like to disclose the mutual influence for the kiln and the amount of the soda which can be the keys to the creation. First, the ways to introduce the soda are varied between the artists from the West to the East. Second, the size of the kiln is important to the surface of the creation in the texture of glaze. Third, after the experiments, the manner for the introduce of the soda results in the glazing styles of the creation, especially the orange surface texture glaze. Fourth, in the six experiments, the result shows that the customized kiln is perfect for the control of the temperature. Moreover, the temperature is suggested to keep 1260℃ to make the work with the glass texture and the orange texture surface. In conclusion, the customized kiln-25*20*26 cm3 and the introduce of the soda powder can be the major factors for the orange surface texture glaze pottery. The performance of the pottery is also my presence: the aestheticism of Wabi-Sabi. This thesis can offer a chance to know the Soda Firing for the art teachers in elementary school the artists of pottery for reference. This thesis can offer a chance to know the Soda Firing for the art teachers in elementary school with pottery for reference.