台灣農業面對經濟自由化、全球化的衝擊,如何提升農業競爭力,提高農民的收益,已成為政府相關農業單位施政的重點工作。尤其是台灣加入WTO以後,將面對更激烈的市場競爭與精緻農業的需求。 根據資源基礎觀點,企業獨特之競爭力來自於企業之資源與專長,而有效運用其所擁有的資產與能力,使其在某些領域內獲得較高之經營績效,便意味著企業具有競爭優勢。 根據2005年農林漁牧業普查資料,透過分析休閒農業資源與競爭優勢之相關性,發現休閒農場之人力與設施運用對資源構成之影響力遠大於資產的貢獻;而競爭優勢構面中以收入因素最具影響力。 實證分析顯示資源是影響休閒農場競爭優勢最重要的因素,現代休閒農業發展可著重在可耕作面積、從業員工人數、單位從農收益與農畜產品銷售收入等變項之投入質量的提升,同時加強休閒農業特質、經營管理效率、人力資源之素質與資產品質,將有助於提升競爭優勢。
Taiwan's agriculture is facing the impact of economic liberalization and globalization. How to enhance the competitiveness of agriculture and improve farmers’ income has become the most important task of implementing government policy. Especially after entering the WTO, Taiwan will face more sharp competition and the more sophisticated need of agriculture. According to the viewpoint of resource-based, the specific competition of enterprises comes from their unique resources and expertise. Using the unique resources and expertise effectively, they can get better operational performance in some of their fields. It means that enterprises have unique competitive advantages. According to the 2005 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery and Husbandry Census, we found that the contribution of efficiently implementing human resources and facilities is more important than that of asset to the resources of leisure farming by means of the correlation analysis. Therefore, income level will be the most influential factors to the competitive advantages of leisure farming. The empirical study shows that the resource holding by leisure farming is the most important factor of competitive advantages. We can also promote the development of modernized leisure farming by upgrading the quantity and quality of inputs with respect to cultivated area, the number of employees, farming revenue per unit, and the sale of agriculture products. Furthermore strengthening the characteristics of leisure agriculture, management efficiency, quality of human resources and asset will positively enhance the competitive advantages of leisure farming.