探討新媒體素養對學生新聞識別能力的影響

Exploring the Effects of New Media Literacy on Students' News Recognition Ability

章家源(Jia-Yuan Zhang)

指導教授 ： 蕭國倫

國立臺中科技大學/資訊與流通學院/資訊管理系碩士班/碩士(2021年)

摘要

近年來網路的發展與傳播速度大幅提升，導致各種類型的資訊都能夠在社群平台間快速流通，間接助長了假新聞的傳播途徑，使得媒體素養成為了現代教育中不可缺乏的一部分。根據科技部在2018年的傳播調查顯示，臺灣18歲以上的學生經常使用「網路」作為娛樂消遣和取得資訊來源，相較於其他年齡層，經常接觸網路的學生屬於社群平台的重度使用者，對於接觸到假新聞的比率也相對較高，因此，對於如何正確識別新聞內容，儼然成為現代人所需要面臨的課題。過去有關新媒體素養的研究指出，社群使用者的新媒體素養能力對於解讀新聞內容具有顯著的影響力，但是過去的研究內容大多是以探討影響媒體素養或新媒體素養的因素為主，相較於新聞識別能力的研究，則較為缺乏。因此，本研究以新媒體素養作為潛在變數，來探討與學生新聞識別能力之間的相關性，並加入性別、年齡及班級三個控制變數，來進一步探討其與新聞識別能力之間的相關性。在新媒體素養評估方面，本研究是以取得和識別新聞能力作為主要探討的面向，因此使用Lin, Li, Deng, Lee, and Society (2013)學者提出的新媒體素養評估框架中的「批判性消費」和「批判性產製」兩項元素，作為本研究的新媒體素養評估方法。在新聞識別能力方面，本研究透過發展新聞識別測驗，並且根據受測學生的作答分數，來衡量其新聞識別能力。本研究的資料蒐集方法為實體班級發放，主要以專科及大學學生作為研究對象。在經過無效問卷的篩選後，本研究使用皮爾森相關分析來探討新媒體素養與新聞識別能力之間的相關性。研究結果顯示，新媒體素養與新聞識別能力不具有顯著的相關性，而在控制變數的部分，除了性別，年齡和班級都與新聞識別能力具有顯著的相關性，除此之外，本研究進一步將受測者的作答時間來與新聞識別能力進行相關性分析，結果發現，測驗的作答時間會與新聞識別能力具有顯著的相關性，對於本研究發現，其結果與討論將有助於瞭解影響學生新聞識別能力的因素，並可提供給學者及未來媒體素養教育推行之參考。

關鍵字

新媒體素養 ； 假新聞 ； 新聞識別 ； 識別能力

並列摘要

With the development of the Internet, the rapid circulation of information has also indirectly contributed to the spread of fake news. According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2018, Taiwanese people over the age of 18 often use the Internet as a channel to obtain information. Compared with other age groups, the rate of exposure to fake news is relatively high. How to correctly identify the content of information has become an issue facing modern people. Past studies on new media literacy pointed out that new media literacy has a significant influence on the correct identification of news, and the scope of research is mostly to explore the factors that affect new media literacy, and there is a lack of research on the ability to identify news. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to explore the correlation between new media literacy and news recognition ability, and add three control variables of gender, age and class to further explore the correlation with news recognition ability. The evaluation method of new media literacy uses questionnaires to conduct surveys; the evaluation method of news recognition ability is conducted through the news recognition test developed in this research. The data samples in this study are all students from the Information Management Department of Taichung University of Science and Technology. After being screened by invalid questionnaires, the data analysis method uses Pearson's product-difference correlation analysis. The research results show that news recognition ability is only significantly related to the age and class of the tested students. In addition, this study included the answering time of the test into the analysis and found that the answering time of the tested students has a significant correlation with the news recognition ability. The results of this research will help to understand the factors that affect students’ ability to recognize news and provide them with references for scholars and the implementation of fast-track education on the media in the future.

並列關鍵字

New Media Literacy ； Fake News ； News recognition ； Recognition ability

參考文獻

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