機動車輛特性與空氣品質關係之研究

伴隨文明的高度進步，卻產生對環境品質的干擾與破壞，亦即科技進步，對自然環境造成多種的負擔與污染。而這些污染源中以空氣污染尤為嚴重，不僅對環境造成衝擊，更對人類生命產生挑戰，故政府積極推動相關淨化空氣的措施。本研究以三大影響空氣品質之一的移動源的車輛所排放的廢棄物為主要應變數，車輛產生之空氣污染物有：碳氫化合物、一氧化碳、氮氧化物及粒狀污染物等，這些來源構成空氣污染指標，另以補助機車車輛數占機車總數、機車車輛補助數及經濟成長率等為解釋變數，以探討政府對電動車輛補助的前後十年間(2007年至2016年)，機動車輛特性與空氣品質關係之研究，以檢視該政策是否達到改善空氣污染的目標。結果顯示補助機車車輛數占機車總數及機車車輛補助數之政策確實會改善空氣品質，其中以機車車輛補助數比補助機車車輛數占機車總數更顯其效果，究其原因可能係因都會區大眾運輸環境完備有關，民眾減少對私人交通工具持有，可以具體降低空氣污染。

關鍵字

空氣品質；補助；空氣污染

並列摘要

The high progress of civilization causes the interference and destruction of the environmental quality; in other words, the progress of science and technology causes a variety of burdens and pollution to the natural environment. Among these pollution sources, the air pollution is particularly serious, not only impacting on the environment, but also challenging to the human life, so the government actively promotes the measures to clean the air. In this study, the waste as one of three major factors affecting the air quality produced by moving vehicles was taken as the main variable. The air pollutants produced by the vehicles include hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and granular pollutants, which constitute the air pollution index. In addition, the proportion of subsidized vehicles in the total number of vehicles, the number of subsidized vehicles and economic growth rate were used as the explanatory variables so as to explore the relationship between the characteristics of motor vehicles and air quality during the 10 years (2007 to 2016) when the government subsidized to the electric vehicles and then check whether the policy can achieve the goal of improving air pollution or not. The results showed that the policy with respect to the proportion of subsidized vehicles in the total number of vehicles and the number of subsidized vehicles indeed improved the air quality. The number of subsidized vehicles was more effective than the proportion of subsidized vehicles in the total number of vehicles. The reason may be that the public reduced the possession of private vehicles so as to concretely lower the air pollution due to the complete mass transport environment in the metropolitan area.