都市地區停車設施對週邊空氣品質影響之研究

A study of impact on ambient air quality of the urban area with parking facility

陳慶煒(Chin-Wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃志弘

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2005.00325

摘要

都市空氣污染有一半以上來自於車輛的廢氣，並且環保署的研究中指出車輛在空轉、加速時所排放廢氣濃度值特高。使得停車場所排放的廢氣成為都市環境中的點源污染。讓設有地下停車場的公園，從休閒、生態的都市之肺的角色轉變為都市環境中的點源污染。不僅降低居民親近公園的意願，並且對周圍環境產生不良的影響。因此，本研究旨在探討都市地區停車設施經由排氣口等設施所排之廢氣對週邊空氣品質影響的狀況與改善的對策。
本研究首先以檢測實證法了解停車場室內、室外空氣污染物質的分布狀況；再以CFD（Computational Fluid Dynamics）軟體模擬現況及改善方案。調查台北市某地下停車場、平面停車場。以儀器檢測停車場室內與周圍環境的污染物質濃度與溫度、溼度、風速、風向。就所測得數值繪製污染物質濃度等值圖，並且做為CFD模擬的基礎參數。分析1.地下停車場排放之廢氣對週邊環境影響的程度與排放之廢氣與周圍環境、時間變化之關係，2.室內污染擴散與通風設施效率、形式的關係，3.平面停車場與周圍環境的空氣污染分佈狀況。就分析結果以CFD軟體模擬現況與改善方案，進而提出空氣品質實質改善建議，作為日後都市地區停車設施規劃之參考。
本研究結論是：1. 地下停車場透過設施在地面層集中排放污染氣體影響周圍環境空氣品質，2. 影響停車場空氣污染擴散的因素包括流場、污染源、建築物（設施），3. 地下停車場室內空氣污染情況嚴重有進行改善之必要，4. 空間法系應加入污染防治的具體管制

關鍵字

停車場 ； 都市環境品質 ； 空氣污染 ； 生態都市

並列摘要

Parks is most important green spaces in the urban area. That can provide rest place and ecological environment, especially in Taiwan. Recent Taiwan government have built a lot of parks with underground parking facility to solve short of parking space in the urban area. Parks with underground parking facility can carry large traffic flow and impact air environment quality. This paper focus on micro-scale to find vehicle pollution how to impact our live environment.
Levels of vehicle pollution matter were measured by two air pollution spectrometers in urban parks with underground parking lot and normal parking lot in Taipei. Measured dater are analyzed by GIS software to find relationship that is between vehicle pollution dispersion and parking lot space. Then simulate the current conditions and improve the project with the CDF software Flovent5.1.
The results: 1.Urban parks with underground parking facility have serious impacted environment. 2. The factor that influences the parking lot air pollution proliferation includes flow, pollution source, building (facilities). 3 Establishing the courtyard can reduce 15% indoor air pollution in the underground parking lot. 4.The space control law should join concrete control of the air pollution.

並列關鍵字

Parking lot ； Urban environment ； Air pollution ； Ecological urban

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