探討南部地區國軍人員自覺健康行為及自覺罹患疾病對肥胖之影響

研究目的：本研究旨在探討國軍人員肥胖的相關因素包含人口學變項、自覺健康行為及自覺罹患疾病了解其對肥胖變化之影響。材料與方法：本研究為回溯性研究設計，採收集國軍人員體檢資料2012年1月1日至2013年12月31日期間南部地區國軍人員至三家軍醫院實施年度體檢資料，樣本數共有9,454位並以t檢定、相關分析、ANOVA與複迴歸進行分析，探討影響國軍人員肥胖因素。結果：101年肥胖人員共有3,840位，佔南部地區人員22.80%，102年肥胖人員共有5,406位，佔南部地區人員23.67%，可發現肥胖人員逐年提升。經單因子變異數分析後發現不同的健康行為與肥胖有關係，不同嚼檳榔情形(p=0.02)、是否曾運動中喘不過氣(p=0.01)、是否曾被告知血壓高(p=0.00)及是否比一起運動的朋友更容易累(p=0.00)情形者有不同的肥胖程度。經常或習慣嚼檳榔者其BMI值為30.72大於不嚼檳榔者的29.64，不曾在運動中喘不過氣者其BMI值為29.65小於曾在運動中喘不過氣者的30.14，一起運動中比朋友更容易累者其BMI值為30.29大於不累者的29.57，曾被告知血壓高者其BMI值為30.35大於不曾者的29.54。以BMI值與各人口學變項以及自覺健康行為變項進行複迴歸分析結果，顯示之重要變項除身高與體重影響BMI值以外，運動情形也會影響BMI值，運動情形為偶爾運動組，其BMI高於每週運動3-5次組0.01。結論：本研究結果初步顯示國軍人員肥胖因素包含年齡、性別、運動情形、罹患疾病均有統計上顯著關係，而未來可依據國軍人員肥胖特性分別探討其醫療品質與醫療利用。希望提供國軍官兵作參考的資訊，因肥胖已經成為當今最引人關注的全球性公共健康問題之一，國軍官兵除保家衛國之外，應該要注重自己身體健康，以提升國軍戰力。

關鍵字

肥胖；體檢資料；健康行為

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors related to obesity among military personnel including the demographic variables, conscious health behavior and known medical condition to understand how they influence obesity. Method: This paper was designed as a retrospective study. The physical exam data based on the physical exam data gathered by three military hospitals between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2013, during the annual physical exam for military personnel in southern Taiwan. A total of 9,454 samples were collected and analyzed using the t-Test, correlation analysis, ANOVA and multiple regression to explore the factors that affect obesity among military personnel. Results: In 2012, there were 3,840 obese personnel and these amounted to 22.80% of all military personnel in southern Taiwan. In 2013 there were 5,406 obese personnel and these amounted to 23.67% of all military personnel in southern Taiwan. The number of obese personnel has therefore increased every year. Single-factor analysis of variance found relationships between different healthy behaviors and obesity. Differences in betel nut habit (p=0.02), shortness of breath during exercise (p=0.01], being informed of hypertension (p=0.00) and tiring more quickly than friends when exercising together (p=0.00) all differed in their degree of obesity. The BMI of 30.72 for those who frequently or habitually chewed betel nuts was higher than the 29.64 of those who don’t chew betel nuts. The BMI of 29.65 for those who did not experience shortness of breath while exercising was smaller than the 30.14 of those who did. The BMI of 30.29 for those who tired more quickly than friends when exercising together was higher than the 29.57 of those who didn’t. The BMI of 30.35 of those who had been informed of hypertension was higher than the 29.54 of those who hadn’t. Regression analysis with BMI, demographic variables and conscious healthy behavior found that in addition to height and weight, exercise habit was another key variable that influenced BMI. The BMI of those in the “exercises infrequently” group was 0.0.1 higher than those in the “exercises 3 ~ 5 times a week” group. Conclusion: Based on the preliminary findings of this paper, factors such as age, gender, exercise habit and medical condition all showed a statistically significant correlation with obesity in military personnel. The obesity characteristics of military personnel can be used in the future to examine their medical quality and healthcare utilization. This will hopefully provide military personnel with a useful reference as obesity has become one of the most important global public health issues. In addition to their mission of national defense, military personnel should also pay attention to their own physical health in order to maintain the combat effectiveness of our armed forces.