如何改善軍校學生課業壓力與學校適應之探討-以海軍軍官學校為例

The Discussion on Improvement for the Academic Stress and Adjustment of Military Academy Students -Take Chinese Naval Academy as Example

陳兆明(Zhao-Ming Chen)

指導教授 ： 李樑堅 ； 張志雄

義守大學/管理學院/管理碩博士班/碩士(2020年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討如何改善軍校生的「課業壓力」與「學校適應」，採用問卷調查法，並以海軍官校正期班學生為研究對象，研究工具為自編的「海軍官校學生課業壓力與學校適應調查問卷」。問卷設計係以研究架構與研究假設為基礎，依據國內外相關文獻指導與專家學者就問卷題意之適切性實施審核及建議，內容共分為「基本資料」、「課業壓力」、「學校適應」、「報考動機」、「因應策略」等五個構面。
問卷回收後，經SPSS統計軟體進行敘述性統計、ANOVA分析、獨立樣本T檢定分析，茲將結果分述如下：
一、海軍官校正期班學生的課業壓力為中等略低程度。
二、海軍官校正期班學生的學校適應為中等程度。
三、海軍官校正期班學生的報考動機為中等程度。
四、海軍官校正期班學生的因應策略為中等略高程度。
五、海軍官校正期班學生的課業壓力受年級、招募來源影響而有所差異。
六、海軍官校正期班學生的學校適應受年級影響而有所差異。
七、海軍官校正期班學生的報考動機受年級、家庭狀況影響而有所差異。
八、海軍官校正期班學生的因應策略受性別、年級影響而有所差異。
研究發現海軍官校正期班學生在整體課業壓力平均得分均低於3分之中間值，顯示在課業壓力的認知上普遍偏低，表達出學生對於現行之課業壓力偏向滿意，表示大部份學生不會因為課業感到壓力存在；另學生在學校適應中以「師生互動」的接受程度較高，而在「環境適應」方面較差。因此政策執行單位應落實心輔約談及辦理座談、適時調整教師之教學方式、有效減輕學生公差勤務壓力、提高軍人福利與待遇及加強對軍人的認同感等相關作法，以有效降低學生課業壓力及儘早適應學校管理方式。

關鍵字

軍校生 ； 課業壓力 ； 學校適應

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore how to improve the "academic pressure" and "school adaptation" of cadets. The questionnaire survey method is adopted, and the research object is the regular class students of naval officer school. The research tool is the self-compiled "questionnaire on academic pressure and school adaptation of naval officer school students". The questionnaire design is based on the research framework and research hyothesis, and based on the guidance of relevant literature at home and abroad, experts and scholars carried out the audit and suggestions on the suitability of the questionnaire questions. The contents are divided into five aspects: "basic information", "academic pressure", "school adaptation", "motivation" and "coping strategies".
After the questionnaire was collected, descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis and independent sample t-test analysis were conducted by SPSS statistical software. The results are summarized as follows:
1.、The academic pressure of the regular class students in the naval academy is moderate and slightly low.
2.、The school for the regular students of the naval academy is of medium level.
3.、The response strategy of the naval officer calibration class was moderately high.
4.、The response strategy of the naval officer calibration class was moderately high.
5.、The academic pressure of the regular class in the naval academy varies according to the grade and the source of recruitment.
6、The school adjustment for naval officer correction students varies by grade.
7、The motivation of students in the navy officer calibration class varies according to their grade and family status.
8.、The coping strategies of naval officer correction students vary according to gender and grade level.
The study found that the average score of the overall academic pressure and the average score of each dimension of the students in the navy officer calibration period was lower than the median value of 3, indicating that the cognition of the academic pressure was generally low, indicating that the students were more satisfied with the current academic pressure, indicating that most of the students would not feel pressure because of the academic pressure. In addition, students' acceptance of "teacher-student interaction" in school adaptation is high, while "environmental adaptation" is poor. Therefore, the policy implementation unit should carry out the relevant practices such as handling the psychological counseling, timely adjusting the teaching methods of teachers , effectively reducing the duty pressure of students' tolerance, improving the welfare and treatment of soldiers and strengthening the recognition of soldiers, so as to effectively reduce the students' academic pressure and adapt to the school management as soon as possible.

並列關鍵字

cadets ； academic pressure ； school adaptation

參考文獻

一、中文部份

王孝仁（2017）。嘲笑風格與軍校生壓力相關研究。國防大學政戰學院心理及社會工作學系，碩士論文未出版，新北市。

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