海巡心輔官輔導工作經驗之研究-以南部分署為例

海岸巡防為國家安全的根本，政府為統一海岸巡防事權及有效管理海域，於民國89年1月28日，納編原國防部海岸巡防司令部、內政部警政署水上警察局及財政部關稅總局緝私艦艇等任務執行機關，成立部會層級的海域執法專責機關「行政院海岸巡防署」，確立岸海合一之執法機制，一方面致力於維護國家的海洋權益、保障人民的生命財產，二方面注重執法的妥當性，在執法的過程中，兼顧公平、適當、澈底等原則，積極朝向海洋發展，開創我國海域及海岸巡防之新紀元。茲因成員組成係由軍職同仁、公務人員及警職同仁所組成，所以極易衍生工作適應及調適問題。為增進整體人員身心健康，於各級單位均設有專人負責心理諮商及輔導業務，希透過此一專業、健全、有制度心理諮商輔導系統，提供同仁最佳心輔諮詢服務，提升整體工作效能。本研究採用質性研究，透過半結構化訪談，共計訪談4位心輔工作人員，了解其輔導工作，研究發現主要有五點：一、海巡心輔官輔導工作的行政工作：包含了量表施測、人員基本輔導資料蒐整及管理等相關面向。二、平日生活方面的陪伴及壓力處理：單位向心力建立、瞭解同仁生活狀況及適時紓解同仁的工作壓力。三、處置緊急及特殊個案問題：輔導及緊急介入特殊個案人員、辦理就醫住院事項、整合並建議個案資源網絡、結合輔導網絡、訪查個案營外狀況及藉由辦理驗退協助個案等類型。四、平時心理衛生及教育工作：規劃並執行心輔衛教工作及辦理教育訓練等工作內容。五、建立公共關係：於基層實施心輔工作及心輔業務宣導。而於訪談中發現，四位訪談者說明了目前從事輔導工作的難題，包含來自軍事體制的限制及個案人員的挑戰，而訪談者的因應方式，包含尋求專業支持、整合理論與實務、倫理決策應對及調適自我身心狀況等困境，所以筆者針對目前海巡心輔工作建議計有七點：一、自我提升心輔諮商的本質學能：強化心輔員自身專業能力，以加深輔導個案的深度及廣度。二、強化支持系統：藉由心輔員間的經驗交流、相互學習，可吸取他人經驗外及獲得情緒上的支持；並於協助個案時，減少無力感，使輔導工作更加順遂。三、建立多元社會的視野：個案人員的困擾類型是越來越多元的，隨著不同的世代，衍生不同的議題，所以心輔官應建立多元社會的視野，獲取各類新知，正向看待每個人的差異性。四、心輔官(士)工作單純化：現在的心輔官除輔導個案外，亦需負責許多行政業務，致輔導工作時有受限之情形及不能深化的狀況，所以建議心輔官工作單純化，使其深切掌握同仁身心狀況，提前擬定應處作為，以消弭單位危安因素。五、結合各類輔導資源：建議政策單位結合各類輔導資源，安排心輔官進行短期心輔知能研習，以獲取心輔新知及資訊。六、培育心輔士：於各單位至少培植一位具服務熱誠及特質的心輔士，除於心輔官異動時有專職人員持續單位掌握個案人員身心狀況，另於新任心輔官到任時，能由心輔士協助及早掌握單位危安因素，以使單位平穩。七、賡續推行及深化心輔志工制度：海巡因任務的特性，所以安檢所(站)遍佈台灣各海岸線，但同時也表示個案人員亦可能分布不同安檢所，所以心輔志工的關懷及掌握個案人員身心狀況就更加重要，所以建議應賡續推行及深化心輔志工制度，以厚植單位心輔能量。

關鍵字

心理諮商；心輔工作；教育訓練

並列摘要

Coastal patrol is the foundation of national security. The government harmonizes the coastal patrol and effectively manages the sea. On January 28, 1989, it compiled the former Ministry of Defense Coastal Guard Command, the Ministry of the Interior, the Police Department, the Water Police Department and the Ministry of Finance. The task enforcement agencies such as the smuggling ship of the General Administration of the People's Republic of China set up a special law enforcement agency for the sea area at the ministerial level, the "Government Coast Guarding Agency", and established the law enforcement mechanism for the integration of the shore and the sea. On one hand, it is committed to safeguarding the country's maritime rights and interests and safeguarding people's lives and property. The two aspects pay attention to the appropriateness of law enforcement. In the process of law enforcement, taking into account the principles of fairness, appropriateness, and thoroughness, we will actively develop towards the ocean and create a new era of maritime and coastal patrols. Since the membership is composed of military colleagues, civil servants and police colleagues, it is extremely easy to adapt and adapt to the problem. In order to improve the overall physical and mental health of the staff, special units are responsible for counseling and counseling at all levels. Through this professional, sound and systematic counseling system, we provide peers with the best counseling services to enhance the overall Work efficiency. This study used qualitative research. Through semi-structured interviews, a total of 4 volunteers were interviewed to understand their counseling work. The study found that there are five main points: 1. The administrative work of the sea patrol assistants counseling work: including the scale measurement, the basic counseling data collection and management and other related aspects. 2. The company's companionship and stress management in the daily life: the unit to the heart to establish, understand the living conditions of colleagues and timely relief of the work pressure of colleagues. 3. Handling of urgent and special case issues: counselling and emergency intervention for special case personnel, handling of medical inpatient matters, integration and suggestion of case resource network, integration of counselling network, interviewing of cases outside the camp and assistance cases for rectification. 4.Mental health and education work: planning and implementation of the work of the auxiliary education and education and training. 5. Establishing public relations: Implementing mental support work and heart-assisted business promotion at the grassroots level. In the interview, it was found that the four interviewers explained the current difficulties in counseling, including the limitations of the military system and the challenges of the case staff, and the interviewer's response methods include seeking professional support, integrating theory and practice, and ethical decision-making. To cope with and adjust to the dilemma of self-physical and physical conditions, the author has seven points for the current sea patrol heart work recommendation: 1. The self-improvement of the nature of the auxiliary counseling: strengthen the professional ability of the support staff to deepen the depth and breadth of counseling cases. 2. Strengthen the support system: through the exchange of experience and mutual learning between the support staff, can absorb the experience of others and obtain emotional support; and when assisting the case, reduce the sense of powerlessness, so that the counseling work is more smooth. 3.The vision of a pluralistic society: the types of troubles of individual cases are more and more diverse. With different generations, different topics are derived. Therefore, the assistants should establish a vision of a pluralistic society and acquire various new knowledge. The difference between everyone. 4. The heart auxiliary officer (senior) work order purification: the current auxiliary officer in addition to counseling cases, also need to be responsible for a lot of administrative business, to the counseling work when there are restrictions and can not deepen the situation, so it is recommended that the assistants work Simplified, so that it can deeply grasp the physical and mental condition of the colleagues, and formulate the actions in advance to eliminate the risk factors of the unit. 5. Combining various types of counseling resources: It is recommended that the policy unit combine various types of counseling resources, and arrange for the auxiliary assistants to conduct short-term psychological assistance and knowledge learning to obtain new knowledge and information. 6. Cultivate the heart-warners: At least one heart-warner with service enthusiasm and traits will be cultivated in each unit. In addition to the mental assistants, there will be a full-time staff to maintain the physical and mental condition of the case personnel, and the new assistant officer will be appointed. At the time, the unit can help the unit to grasp the risk factors in order to make the unit stable. 7. Continue to implement and deepen the system of volunteers and volunteers: Because of the nature of the mission, the security checkpoints (stations) are spread across Taiwan's coastlines, but it also means that case personnel may also be distributed to different security checkpoints. Caring and mastering the physical and mental condition of the case personnel is even more important. Therefore, it is suggested that the system of mental and auxiliary volunteers should be implemented and deepened in order to supplement the energy of the unit.