高齡者起身輔具設計之研究

隨著社會發展，對於高度發展國家來說高齡族群已經不為少數，因此高齡族群的產品必然相對重要，對於日常生活中時常執行的〝坐下〞和〝起身〞動作，不論是老年人因為生理功能衰退，還是腿腳、關節受傷的人來說，都是十分困難或難以完成的動作，這勢必將會為日常生活帶來許多困擾及限制許多行為。根據文獻發現若有身理或者心理上有不便或缺陷之人，需要使用輔助性產品時，理當是不喜歡輕易的被旁人看出。所以本研究在設計產品，期望將產品融入日常生活，去除標籤化讓使用者更有尊嚴及信心。為使有需求之族群能夠有便於日常生活之行動，本研究將先透過層級分析法(AHP)，邀請三位專家進行討論與問卷分析，決策出輔助起身椅的相關機能。之後再進行人體計測，設計出可以調整坐墊和扶手高度、坐墊傾斜角度的座椅，讓受測者進行實驗，比較十名對於輔助起身有需求的實驗者，從實驗過程中觀察其坐下起身，身體所能感受最佳舒適程度、最能接受坐墊傾斜角度等，紀錄相關實驗數據做為設計輔助起身沙發之依據。本研究針對高齡族群擬定設計發展目標包含：(1)能夠減少膝關節和腰部出力程度(2)去標籤化設計，顧及使用者心理層面也更融入日常家庭(3)電控模組化易於安裝與拆卸。最後本研究將透過實驗研究設計出輔助起身椅，訪問對於輔助起身有需求的高齡者，是否能夠透過本研究設計之產品，達到生活上的改善。

關鍵字

層級分析法；高齡者輔具；人體測計

並列摘要

With the development of society, the elderly are no longer a minority in highly developed countries. Products for the elderly must be relatively important. For the "sit down" and "get up" actions that are often performed in daily life, whether the elderly are physically For people with functional decline or injuries to their legs, feet, and joints, it is a difficult movement to complete, which will inevitably bring many troubles to daily life and limit many behavior. According to the literature, people with physically or mentally disabled impairments do not like to be considered in need of assistive devices. Therefore, this study is designing products, hoping to integrate products into daily life, and remove labels to make users more dignified and confident. In order to enable the needy groups to have actions that are convenient for their daily life, this study will firstly use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to invite three experts to conduct discussions and questionnaire analysis to determine the relevant functions of the assisting chair. Then conduct anthropometric measurements, design a seat that can adjust the height of the seat and armrest, and the inclination angle of the seat cushion, and allow the subjects to conduct experiments to compare the ten experimenters who have a need for assisted rising, and observe the best comfort level and the most acceptable cushion tilt angle during the experimental process. The design development objectives of this study for the elderly group include: (1) To reduce the degree of knee and lumbar force; (2) To de-stigmatize the design, taking into account the psychological aspects of the user and more integrated into the daily family; (3) To make the electronic control module easy to install and disassemble. Finally, this research will design an assisted standing chair through experimental research, and ask whether elderly people who need assistance with getting up can achieve life improvement through the products designed in this research.