- 學位論文
高齡者輔助起身與坐下座椅之設計與評估
The Design and Evaluation of an Assistive Chair for Older People
摘要
面對高齡化的趨勢與人類不可避免的「老化」問題，透過探討與觀察高齡者在日常生活中所遭遇的困難，起身與坐下的過程是辛苦且伴隨著危險性的，雖然輔助性座椅設計與開發已行之有年，但多以電動致動器為輔助機構，必須在有電源處才能使用，若無電源是不便利的，本研究探討使用氣壓棒為致動器的輔助座椅，嘗試克服電源的問題，經前導研究發現，氣壓棒以固定方式作為輔助機構，可能造成體重較輕者無法順利坐下；體重較重者無法順利起身，若將氣壓棒朝移動調整的設計適用的範圍可較為廣泛。 本研究目的在探討座椅氣壓棒與人體重量的關聯，以設計一改良機構，並加以測試，探討適當的坐下與起身之氣壓棒角度，最後提出新的機構設計構想提供參考，實驗分析與結論如下: (1) 體重55公斤以下，適用50公斤的氣壓棒；範圍在55公斤~70公斤，適用65公斤的氣壓棒，範圍在70公斤~90公斤內，80公斤的氣壓棒較為理想。 (2) 坐下時，氣壓棒角度調整在15∘及20∘，其中女性以15∘居多，男性則是20∘；起身時，氣壓棒角度調整在35∘，有76.7%的受測者感到較為舒適，由實驗結果將坐下角度設置為15∘，起身以35∘作為參考。 (3) 可利用移動改變支撐點位置，轉動改變氣壓棒角度的概念，運用在以氣壓棒為致動器的輔助起身及坐下座椅。
並列摘要
As the aging society comes, “aging” is the basic problem, in our observation of the difficulties encountered by older people in their daily lives found that rising up and sitting down were not only laborious but also dangerous to them. Although, many efforts have been made in the design and development of assistive chairs over recent years, most of them focused on electric powered components, and this has also limited the use of the chairs to places where electric power is available. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of gas spring lifter as a power component for assistive chairs to solve the problem with electricity availability. Our pilot study found that when the gas spring lifter was fixed to the chair, it would make people with light body weights difficult to sit down and those who were heavier difficult to stand up. If the lifter can adopt an adjustable design, its scope of application can be broadened. The purpose of this study aimed to examine the relations between gas spring lifter and body weights. An improved mechanism was devised for testing to identify the most appropriate lifter angles for sitting down and rising. In the end, an idea for the design of a new mechanism was presented for reference. Below are our findings and conclusions. (1) A 50kg gas spring lifter is most suitable for people who weigh 55kg or below; a 65kg lifter is most suitable for those whose weights are between 55kg and 70kg; for those who weigh between 70kg and 90kg, a 80kg lifter is most suitable. (2) When people are sitting on the chair, the best lifter angles are between 15∘and 20∘. It was found that 15∘ is most suitable for females and 20∘for males. 76.7% of the people expressed that the best lifter angle for them to stand up was 35∘and 15∘was most suitable for sitting down. (3) An adjustable mechanism both in the angle and supporting point of the gas spring lifter is proposed for the design of an assistive chair to accommodate different weights of older people.