應用層級分析法探討推動太陽能政策之優先順序

Application of Analytical Hierarchy Analysis in the Examination of Priorities for Solar Energy Policies

余如容(Ju-Jung Yu)

指導教授 ： 莊順興 ； 白子易

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

摘 要

本研究主要應用層級分析法 (Analytical Hierarchy Process, AHP) 理論，進行專家學者、政府機關、環保團體、一般民眾等團體對推動太陽能政策之優先順序的意見，經整理歸納分析後，找出最重要的共同觀點，而獲得本研究結果，期待將來得以作為政府在推動太陽能政策時之參考。
研究者透過相關的文獻探討，歸納整理相關的評估要素，並採用「李克特五分量表」的題項來設計調查問卷，統計結果，再進行平均數之分析，最後採用平均數最高的16點題項為要素準則，完成「推動太陽能政策之優先順序層級架構」，並以此編製AHP相對權重調查問卷。
在回收問卷後，透過一致性檢定篩檢出有效問卷，以控制結果的可信度，藉由層級分析法之成對比較過程，獲得準則間的相對重要性權重值，建立權重體系，提供有效訊息給未來相關單位參考。本研究分析結果如下：
一、在評估要素層，整體專家認為最重要的要素依序為：「政策層面」、「技術層面」、「經濟誘因」、「教育宣導」。
二、在「政策層面」下要素準則層，整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為：「優先推動技術成熟及具經濟效益項目」、「提高太陽能發電佔總供給電量比例」、「政府投入太陽能相關產業研究」、「給予太陽能產品專利保護」。
三、在「技術層面」下要素準則層，整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為：「鼓勵研發新技術，降低發電成本」、「鼓勵廠商發展太陽能發電新技術」、「改善電力儲存技術」、「爭取國內廠商與國際太陽能發電廠商合作」。
四、在「經濟誘因」下要素準則層，整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為：「政府優惠收購太陽能發電的電力」、「補助願意發展及引進新技術之廠商」、「提供太陽能產業租稅減免或優惠」、「將太陽能發電產業列為特許產業」。
五、在「教育宣導」下要素準則層，整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為：「參酌地方特性，訂定太陽能教育行動方案」、「進行太陽能教育研究及發展」、「提供完整太陽能教育專業服務、資訊與資源」、「推動太陽能教育國際交流及合作」。
六、要素準則整體權重前5項準則依序為「優先推動技術成熟及具經濟效益項目」、「鼓勵研發新技術，降低發電成本」、「政府優惠收購太陽能發電的電力」、「補助願意發展及引進新技術之廠商」及「提供太陽能產業租稅減免或優惠」。

關鍵字

太陽能政策 ； 層級分析法 ； 優先順序

並列摘要

Abstract

This study used Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze the opinions on priority of implementation of solar energy policy of the experts, scholars, government bureaus, environmental groups and the public. The data were analyzed to find out the key common views, which could serve as a reference for governmental implementation of solar energy policy.
Based on literature review, this study generalized the evaluation factors, designed the questionnaire based on a Likert 5-point scale, collected the data, and analyzed the means. Finally, 16 items with the highest means were treated as the criteria for the “hierarchical framework of priority of implementation of solar energy policy”. AHP questionnaire of relative weights was designed.
After retrieving the questionnaires, valid samples were screened by consistency test in order to control the reliability of results. By pair comparison of AHP, this study obtained the relative weights among the criteria, constructed a weight system, and provided effective information to related units. Analytical results are shown below:
1. At the level of evaluation factors, the priority order of the key factors, as suggested by the experts, is: “policy”, “technique”, “economic incentives” and “educational promotion”.
2. At the level of “policy”, the priority order of the key factors, as suggested by the experts, is: “items with mature techniques and economic benefits are the priorities”, “increase percentage of solar energy power in total power capacity”, “the government’s involvement in studies on solar energy industries” and “patents for solar energy products”.
3. At the level of “technique”, the priority order of the key factors, as suggested by the experts, is: “encourage R&D of new techniques and reduce power cost”, “encourage the firms to develop new techniques of solar energy power”, “improve power saving technique” and “cooperation between domestic firms and international solar energy companies”.
4. At the level of “economic incentives”, the priority order of the key factors, as suggested by the experts, is: “the government purchase solar energy power by favorable measures”, “subsidize the firms which have the intention to develop and introduce new techniques”, “provide solar energy industry with tax exemption or reduction” and “treat solar energy power industry as special industry”.
5. At the level of “educational promotion”, the priority order of the key factors, as suggested by the experts, is: “construct solar energy education programs according to local characteristics”, “solar energy education study and development”, “provide complete professional service, information and resources of complete solar energy education” and “implementation of international exchange and cooperation of solar energy education”.
6. The top five criteria of overall weights are “items with mature techniques and economic benefits are the priorities”, “encourage R&D of new techniques and reduce power cost”, “the government purchase solar energy power by favorable measures”, “subsidize the firms which have the intention to develop and introduce new techniques” and “provide solar energy industry with tax exemption or reduction”.

並列關鍵字

AHP ； solar energy policy ； priority

參考文獻

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