台灣各縣市觀光競爭力分析

觀光產業與工業具同樣的經濟效益，不僅可增加外匯收入，又可促進國際間彼此的交流，極具經濟發展前景，觀光地發展之重點係藉提升觀光地整體發展競爭力，而影響觀光競爭力之因素極其複雜且會隨時空背景而改變，隨時日推進觀光競爭力之意涵，有許多不同之觀點。因此，本研究希望能建構觀光競爭力之構面及評估關鍵指標，並依此為台灣各縣市做觀光競爭力評比。本研究係以行政院主計處「105年台灣地區觀光相關資料調查報告」進行資料分析，運用主成分分析法、相關及迴歸分析，建構觀光競爭力之構面及評估關鍵指標，以二十二項次指標建構觀光競爭力構面，得出研究結果如下: 1.觀光競爭力構面分別為「觀光經濟」、「觀光政策」、「觀光產業」、「觀光環境」、「觀光資源」五個構面。 2.評估關鍵指標分別為「觀光經濟-交通支出」、「觀光政策-台灣好行及公車路線」、「觀光資源-百貨公司與購物中心」、「觀光產業-住宿人數」及「觀光環境-犯罪率」。 3.台灣各縣市觀光競爭力評比前五名依序為台北市、新北市、高雄市、台中市、台南市。關鍵詞：主成份分析法、觀光競爭力、相關分析

關鍵字

主成分分析法；觀光競爭力；相關分析

並列摘要

The tourism industry’s economic efficiency is equal to traditional industries. The tourism industry can increase the foreign exchange earnings of the nation and promote international interactions, which offer a prosperous future for economic development. The main focus of developing a tourist attraction lies in holistic tourism competiveness. However, the variables that affect tourism competiveness can be nuanced and complicated. Moreover, those variables can constantly change with different contexts. Therefore, the meaning of tourism competiveness can change with various interpretations and perspectives. With the above rationale, the purpose of this study is to develop the framework and indices for evaluating the tourism competitiveness of cities and counties in Taiwan, which can be a useful tool for evaluating the competition for each tourist spot in Taiwan. Based on an analysis of data from the 2016 Report of Taiwan Tourism and Data of Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, R.O.C., this study found three conclusions using a principal components analysis, a correlation and regression analysis, and the framework and twelve indices for evaluating the tourism competitiveness of cities and counties in Taiwan. The findings are as follows: (1) The proposed framework includes five dimensions, which are “tourism economy,” “tourism policy,” “tourism industry,” “environment in tourism,” and “tourism resources.” (2) The indices for evaluating tourism competitiveness are “tourism economy-travel expenses,” “tourism policy-the Taiwan Trip planner and bus route,” “tourism resources-department stores and shopping malls,” “tourism industry-the amount of accommodation,” and “environment in tourism-the crime rates.” (3) The top five cities ranked by tourism competitiveness in Taiwan are Taipei City, New Taipei City, Kaohsiung, Taichung, and Tainan. Keywords: Principal components analysis, tourism competiveness, correlation analysis.