陸軍航空機場噪音補助措施改善策略之研究

近年來國人對環保噪音防制意識高漲，國軍在執行戰訓任務的同時，不免與當地居民發生利益間的衝突，進而肇生當地居民激進抗議軍方影響生活品質，導致演訓暫停執行之窘況。當然陸、海及空軍各地軍用機場，屢因戰機、直升機執行日、夜間飛訓任務，所產生之噪音影響周遭學校、里民生活品質，民怨迭生。本研究係針對陸軍三基地(龍潭、新社及歸仁)周遭住戶對歷年執行噪音補助措施成效進行調查，包括國軍平時演訓任務對居民生活影響、相關補助措施是否達到期待、國軍噪音補助服務工作執行現況，以作為法令研修及管理階層改進之參據。研究發現居住在噪音防（管）制區的民眾由於受噪音迫害最為直接，故對環境意識感受最強烈，對基地認同感較低，且滿意度較差，當然最後對補助措施的期望相對來的大；另大多數居民長期受軍用航空器飛訓任務所產生的噪音影響，導致生活品質降低、聽力受損及精神耗弱等，其中年齡層屬於青壯年的反應較大。基地長年設置於此，居民對軍方從事公共事務工作，如環境清潔及噪音補助等，具相對性的支持，惟往往讓居民詬病的是，處理事情的態度及效率，所以民事服務工作推動尚須多去傾聽。調查中大部分居民希望定期召開說明會直接與居民溝通，再者，「補助措施滿意度」與「補助措施之期望」是呈現負相關的；基此，只要政府機關能多加重視居民的權益，在既有基礎上適當滿足民眾的期望，相對的民事服務工作也能較為滿意。最後建議，為能直接了解民眾實際需要，第一，應成立專責部門，可即時向居民說明，消除疑慮。第二，將補助經費運用實施統合，以避免讓居民對補助經費產生誤解。第三，環保清潔及關懷弱勢等公益活動推動。第四，定期召開民事服務說明會，傾聽民意，透過直接面對面的接觸，才能更有效解決周遭住戶的問題。

關鍵字

生活品質；認同度；支持度；噪音補助

並列摘要

In recent years, the Chinese people’s awareness of environmental noise prevention and control has soared. While the national army is carrying out the task of training, it is inevitable that there will be conflicts of interest with local residents, and then the local residents will actively protest against the military’s influence on the quality of life, resulting in the suspension of the exercise. Of course, the military airports in the army, navy and air force have repeatedly been subjected to the tasks of warplanes, helicopters, and nighttime flying training. The noise generated has affected the quality of life of the campus and people in the surrounding areas. This study is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the implementation of noise subsidy measures for the residents around of the army's three bases (Longtan, Xinshe and Guiren), including the impact of the national military's usual training tasks on residents' lives, whether the relevant subsidy measures have reached expectations, and the status of implementation of the army's noise subsidy service in order to be a reference for legal training and management improvement.The study found that people living in the noise prevention (pipe) zone are the most directly persecuted by the noise, so they have the strongest sense of environmental awareness, low sense of identity with the base, and poor satisfaction. Of course, the final expectation of subsidy measures is relatively higher; most of the residents have long been affected by the noise generated by military aircraft, resulting in lower quality of life, hearing loss and mental exhaustion. Among them, the reaction of the age group belongs to the young and middle-aged is higher than others. The base has been set up there for a long time. Residents have relatively support for the military of the engagement in public affairs, such as environmental cleanliness and noise subsidies. However, it is often the case that the residents are criticized for the attitude and efficiency of handling the matters, so the civil service work still needs to promote and listen more. Most of the residents in the survey hope to hold regular briefings to communicate directly with the residents. Furthermore, the relationship between the two aspects of "subside satisfaction" and "subside expectation" is negatively correlated. The government can pay more attention to the rights and the interests of the residents properly meet the expectations of the people on the existing basis, and the relative civil service work can be more satisfactory. Finally, in order to directly understand the actual needs of the people, a special department should be set up firstly to explain to the residents and doubtswill be eliminated. Second, the integration of the subsidy funds will be improved to avoid misunderstanding of the subsidy. Third, environmental protection, cleanliness and care for the publicshould be promoted. Fourth, regular civil service briefings will be held to listen to public opinion. Through direct face-to-face contact, we can more effectively solve the problems of the surrounding residents.