環保輪胎之胎面膠材料開發之試驗研究

Experimental Research on the Development of Tread Rubber Material for Environmental Tires

劉益榮(YI-JUNG LIU)

指導教授 ： 林均燁

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/數位化產品設計產業研發碩士專班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

近十年，新能源車逐步的走進市場，人類對汽車技術更新可能帶來的節能減排效果充滿期待。但人們很少將目光投向輪胎，並不了解輪胎中其實蘊含著節能減排的效果。根據實驗，汽車每行駛耗用5桶油，約有1桶油是被輪胎「喝掉」的，這些熱能來自於輪胎前進時，每次的轉動、加速以及煞車…等，因輪胎變形所產生的，而產生熱能越多，相對耗油所能轉換的動能就越少，因此，這些無數的變形就產生了滾動阻力。
本文主要針對研究不同配方之胎面膠材料來降低輪胎的滾動阻力，這個研究包含配方設計、實驗室橡膠混煉製程以及評價的方式，利用實驗室開發的方式來了解橡膠配方設計開發對輪胎的助益。同時，實驗室評價方式也能效縮短產品開發的週期。
本文內容首先對輪胎的基本構造、輪胎橡膠主要原材料、橡膠配方設計、以及基本輪胎力學與理論為背景。接著在本研究過程中利用動態機械分析儀（DMA）對開發的橡膠材料作實驗，分析橡膠在實驗設定的不同頻率、溫度、配方下，所產生的動態損失正切函數（tanδ），藉此方法可快速有效預測得滾動阻力係數。最後，在配方改良後分析橡膠的基本物理性能（如加工性、硬度、拉伸強度、定伸應力、斷裂伸長率..等）以確認其落在標準範圍內，完成整個產品開發程序。

關鍵字

胎面膠 ； 環保輪胎 ； DMA ； 滾動阻力

並列摘要

In nearly a decade, vehicle concepts with new energy resources have gradually entered the market. People look forward to the potential energy saving effect of automotive technology upgrading. However, people rarely pay attention to tires, so that they don’t even know that tires can actually contribute to the effect of energy saving. According to experiments, about 1 barrel out of 5 barrels of gasoline will be “consumed” by the tires during car driving. The thermal energy accumulated in times is generated due to tire deformation caused by running of tires including rotation, acceleration, braking…etc. Relatively, the more heat generated in tire, the more rolling resistance created during driving, and the less kinetic energy can be converted from fuel to driving power.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate different formulas for the tread rubber materials in order to reduce rolling resistance of tires. The research step includes formula design, rubber mixing and refining process, and evaluation. The research steps used in the paper can help to effectively shorten the product development cycle.
At first, this paper will run some literature study on the basic structure of tires, the main raw materials of rubber tires, rubber formula designs and basic tire mechanics and theory. Secondly, research will use dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) methodology to perform experiments for the development of the rubber materials. By analyzing different frequency, different temperature and different formula in different experiments to study the generated dynamic loss function tanδ. By using this method, the rolling resistance coefficient can be predicted quickly and effectively. Finally, by analyzing the physical property (such as processing, hardness, tensile strength, elongation, elongation,…etc.) of the new rubber formula to assure the property fall within the standard range to complete the material development process.

並列關鍵字

tread rubber formula ； environmental tire ； rolling resistance ； DMA

參考文獻

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