為了降低對石油的依賴、降低移動污染源毒化物與溫室氣體的排出量,政府於1996年開始推動油氣(Liquefied Petroleum Gas, LPG)雙燃料車,並利用各種補貼策略加速LPG車與加氣站的設置,截至2009年底全台已有大約21,183台LPG車,但由於加氣站的數量不足以及分佈不均,降低了車主的使用意願與推廣成效。 為了探討加氣站的最佳經濟規模與空間配置,本研究以台北市為例利用隨機抽樣(Random Sampling)原理決定LPG車的空間位置,並運用引力模式(Gravity Model)計算LPG車的期望加氣距離,以期望加氣距離最小化為決策目標進行加氣站的空間配置分析,同時運用蒙地卡羅模擬法(Monte Carlo Simulation)進行不確定性分析評估。 結果顯示研究區域內合理的加氣站數量約為12~18站,平均加氣距離約為2.5~3.2公里,結果也顯示引力模型可有效的將人潮與車潮因素反應在加氣站的配置分析上。
In order to reduce reliance on oil, mobile sources of pollution and toxic emission of greenhouse gases. Government promoted the liquefied petroleum gas vehicles in 1996, and accelerates set the LPG cars and filling stations by using various subsidiary strategies. Up to the end of 2009, there are about 21,183 LPG vehicles in Taiwan. But, it effects the using willing of car owners and promotion result, because of the uneven distribution and not enough filling stations. In order to probe into the best economy scale and space configuration for filling stations, we use random sampling principles to decide the space location of LPG vehicles, and use gravity models to calculate the expected distance of LPG vehicles. To expecting to minimize the distance between station and vehicle, analyze the space configuration of filling stations for the targets. Then use Monte Carlo simulation method to assess the uncertainly analysis. The results of the study show the number of filling stations in the region around a reasonable 12 to 18 stations, the average air distance of about 2.5 to 3.2 km, the results also study show the gravity models can be effective response to the crowds and traffic levels in the stations of the configuration factor analysis.