提升台灣古圳道維護之層級分析

Determining the Priority of Promotion and Maintenance of Ancient Irrigation Channel in Taiwan using Analytic Hierarchy Process

曾玲足(Ling-Tsu Tseng)

指導教授 ： 白子易

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/博士(2010年)

摘要

本研究首先經由文獻探討建構前測問卷，並採用 Likert 五尺度量表的問卷題項（五個等級表示強弱分別為：非常不重要、不重要、普通、 重要、非常重要），進行題項的修編，初步的分析要素準則，對準則進行增刪、修改的動作，彙整、歸納後建立提升台灣古圳道維護之層級架構，共有4 個評估要素及16 項評估要素準則，再據以編製AHP 之相對權重調查問卷；經由分析並找出一致性之共同觀點，綜合整理而獲致研究結果，以利政府在提升台灣古圳道維護計劃之參考。
本研究乃藉由層級分析法之成對比較過程，並透過一致性檢定，以選擇有效問卷來控制結果的可信度，獲得準則間的相對重要性權數，建立權重體系，以提供相關單位有參考價值之訊息。茲將本研究分析之結果論述如下：
1. 在提升台灣古圳道維護之層級分析評估要素層中，其重要性依序為：最重要的為「營造生態性空間層面」(0.268)，次重要為「積極管制污染源層面」(0.222)，接著是「推廣及宣導古圳道保護層面」 (0.203)，最後為「編列費用加強管理層面」 (0.106)。
2. 在「營造生態性空間層面」構面中，分析結果：「保留原有樹種及營造野生植物之復育空間」（0.287）為最重要，次重要為「提供生物棲息空間」（0.206），接著是「保護水圳兩旁植被與地表覆蓋」（0.165），最後為「應用生態工法以維護生物的多樣性」（0.142）。
3. 在「積極管制污染源層面」構面中，分析結果：「設置汙水截流，以維護水圳水質」（0.224）為最重要，「實施灌排分流」（0.220）次之，接著為「管制水圳之可能汙染源」（0.192），最後為「定期疏浚以維持圳道水流暢通」（0.164）。
4. 在「推廣及宣導古圳道保護層面」構面中，分析結果：最重要為「宣導水圳環保生態概念」（0.252），次重要為「推動全民主動參與古圳道保護工作」（0.201），接著為「將生態知識融入水圳參訪行程」（0.187），最後為「鼓勵當地居民參與水圳文化發展」（0.160）。
5. 在「編列費用加強管理層面」構面中，分析結果：「建立適宜的經營管理制度」（0.247）為最重要，次重要為「編列預算加強古圳道的維護與修繕」（0.216），接著是「發起沿線圳道認養加強維護管理」（0.185），最後為「促進各級政府統一古蹟管理之職權」（0.152）。

6. 經由排序分析結果之準則排序，本問卷整體有效問卷認為最先重視的前4 項準則依序為，「設置汙水截流，以維護水圳水質」（0.224）、「建立適宜的經營管理制度」（0.247）、「宣導水圳環保生態概念」（0.252）及「保留原有樹種及營造野生植物之復育空間」（0.287）。
「營造生態性空間層面」在準則整體權重分析中，4 個分群問卷對向中，都進入前排序前二名；「專家學者」群、「農田水利組織」群及「文化與生態保育團體」群列為最重要的；「地方環保局」群列為次重要。由此，我們可以發現到，在提升台灣古圳道維護時，「營造生態性空間層面」成了最重要關鍵因素，也是群體專家所重視的。

關鍵字

層級分析法 ； 古圳道維護

並列摘要

In this study, a pre-test questionnaire was first developed on the basis of previous literature. Items in this questionnaire were designed using a Likert five-point scale (ranging from very unimportant, unimportant, normal, important to very important). After analysis and modification of key factors and criteria, a hierarchical structure of “Promotion and maintenance the ancient irrigated system in Taiwan” was constructed. This structure involved 4 key elements and 16 criteria. An AHP questionnaire was later developed based on these elements and criteria. Through analysis, common views shared by respondents were gathered and organized to derive research results, which could be a reference for the government on the promotion and maintenance the ancient irrigated system in Taiwan.
This study made use of pair-wise comparison in AHP and selected a valid questionnaire through test of consistency to control the reliability of the obtained results. By assessing the relative weight of each criterion, it constructed a system of weighted criteria to provide related organizations with some valuable information. The analysis results are presented as follows:

1. Among the key elements of the promotion and maintenance the ancient irrigated system in Taiwan, the “Building of ecological space aspect” is the most important (0.268), followed by the “Control positively the pollutants aspect” (0.222), the “Promotion and guidance ancient irrigated system protection aspect” (0.203), and the “Arranges the expense to strengthen the management aspect” (0.106).
2. In the “Building ecological space aspect”, the analysis result indicates that “Retains the original tree species and builds cicada chrysalis of space of the wild plants” (0.287) is the most important, followed by “Provides the space for biology to perch” (0.206), “Protects the vegetation and the surface cover of both sides of the irrigation canal” (0.165), and “The application of ecological labor law to defend biological multiplicity” (0.142).
3. In the “Control positively the pollutants aspect”, the analysis result suggests that “Establish the cut-off of sewage to defend the water quality of irrigated system” (0.224) is the most important, followed by “Implementation the divergence of irrigation and drain ” (0.220), “Control the possible pollutants of irrigated system” (0.192), and “Scours the irrigated ditch regularly to maintain the current of water to be unimpeded s” (0.164).
4. In the “Promotion and guidance ancient irrigated system protectionl aspect”, the analysis result indicates that “Guidance the environmental protection and ecological concept of irrigation canal” (0.252) is the most important, followed by “Impels all the people to participate in the ancient dike protection work on own initiative” (0.201), “Integrates the irrigation canal visit traveling schedule to the ecological knowledge ” (0.187), and “Encourages the local resident to participate in the irrigation canal culture development” (0.160).
5. In the “Arranges the expense to strengthen the management aspect”, the analysis result suggests that “Establishment being suitable management and operation system” (0.247) is the most important, followed by “Arranges the budget to strengthen the maintenance and restoration of ancient irrigated system” (0.216), “Initiates to raise the canal along the route to strengthen the maintenance and management” (0.185), and “Promotes all levels of the government to unify authority of the historical site management” (0.152).
6. Through weighting and ranking of the criteria, the top four prioritized criteria are “Establish the cut-off of sewage to defend the water quality of irrigated system” (0.224), “Establishment being suitable management and operation system” (0.247), “Guidance the environmental protection and ecological concept of irrigation canal” (0.252), and “Retains the original tree species and builds cicada chrysalis of space of the wild plant ” (0.287).
Among these criteria, “Building ecological space aspect” was ranked either first or second by all the four groups of respondents. It was viewed as the most important by three groups of them, including “expert”, “City/county irrigation and water conservation bureau”, and “Cultural and ecological care association”, and the second important by those in the “environmental protection department of the city/county government ”. Therefore, it can be inferred that “Building ecological space aspect ” is the most important factor that should be considered in the promotion and maintenance of Ancient Irrigated System in Taiwan, as this factor is also highly emphasized by the expert group.

並列關鍵字

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ； promotion and maintenance the ancient irrigated

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