廢棄車輛拆解之回收效益與減碳研究

Recycling Benefit and Carbon Reduction During End-of-Life Vehicles Dismantle

劉俊佑(Jyun-You Liu)

指導教授 ： 劉敏信

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

社會經濟篷勃發展，人們享受著交通科技發展的各項便利與舒適，但科技文明的發展如未能與環保兼容並蓄、據環保署統計台灣汽機動車輛數量資料中，密度每平方公里高達561輛為世界第一，是日本的2.4倍、德國的3.61倍，更是美國的22.4倍。而在台灣每年約有50萬輛的報廢汽車(ELV)產生，其產業每年總產值約60.2億元。本研究乃蒐集國內ELV回收體系的回收資訊，採用歐盟3R回收率方式，計算出國內ELV之3R回收率，以提供相關產業之應用。
本研究探討廢棄車的最終處置階段之各項回收物質的流向，依其效益探討最佳的拆解回收流程。研究中選用三部不同廠牌排氣1,600至2,000 cc之廢車進行拆解，以物質流分析方法盤查回收物質流向，並根據歐盟3R計算公式，計算再循環率及再生率提供相關產業做為參考使用。
研究結果顯示，以再循環率而言，本實驗計算結果得知，要達到2006年再利用及再循環率80%以上的標準，在廢車CASE-B（2,000 cc以上）及CASE-C（1,600-2,000 cc）可達到，CASE-A （1,600 cc以下 ）76.66％則未能達到目標，另外再生率應達廢棄車輛平均重量的85%以上之標準，其CASE-A、CASE-B及CASE-C皆可達到；而須達到2015年再利用及再循環率85%以上的標準，CASE-A、CASE-B、及CASE-C皆無法達到；再生率應達95%以上的標準，CASE-A、CASE-B及CASE-C皆可達到目標。

關鍵字

廢棄車輛 ； 資源回收 ； 碳足跡

並列摘要

With global economy booming, people have being taken advantage of this welfare in many ways including the great consumption of all kinds of vehicles. However, with this enormous renovation of transportation around the world, the end-of-life vehicles (ELV) generated continuously and increasingly do create serious concerns while its growth gradually exceed the carrying capacity of the environment. As figures released from the EPA, the density of vehicle per square kilometer in Taiwan is currently up to 561 units which is ranking number 1 in the world, and also turns out to be 2.4, 3.61, and 22.4 times of Japan, Germany and US, respectively. The yearly outcome of ELV in Taiwan is around half million sets which contributes revenue for overall market around 6 billions NTD a year. This study is to cover information of domestic 3R industry of ELV and render percentage of ELV recycled in Taiwan, by adopting the calculation protocol of EU.
In order to establish a most efficient route of those resources reclaimed from the ELV, the study focused on every chain of custody for every recyclable component of ELV dismantling and recycling in the final treatment plant. Again, by implementing EU’s protocol of 3R, this research is to provide industry information of rate of recovery and recycle by actually tracking the details of every component reclaimed from 3 different vehicles with engine replacement varied from 1,600 cc to 2,000 cc.
The results shows, to achieve year 2006’s standard of up to 80% reused and recovered, both case B ( 2,000 cc) and case C (1,600-2,000 cc) can successfully meet the demand whereas case A ( 1,600 cc), with result of 76.66%, was behindhand. For demand of reaching 85% reused by weight, three cases ( A, B, and C ) all hit the target. For goal of 2015 which is to reach and exceed 85% reused and recovered, three cases all fail at the moment. Nevertheless, for 95% recovery rate, all three cases fulfill the demand.

並列關鍵字

End-of-life vehicle (ELV) ； Carbon footprint ； Resource recovery

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