以熱區概念修補救護車覆蓋模型

Patches on Ambulance Coverage Model Using Hot Spots Concept

夏大明(Dah-Ming Shiah)

指導教授 ： 沈永堂

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築及都市設計研究所/博士(2010年)

摘要

本研究設計一個新的救護車分派覆蓋模型，我稱之為救護車位置修補模型(EMHS)，可用以改善現有救護車的停駐站所產生的忙碌問題。EMHS分為兩部份，先以研究範圍過去十年內的救護車勤務資料庫，使用統計分析方法，尋找出救護車使用者之主要的特色。其次再以這些特色，在研究範圍內的空間分佈中，找出高於二倍標準差之問題熱區(hot spots)，再依這些熱區的分佈，以及該區的救護車使用者特色，使用空間覆蓋的理論，選取最佳的臨時停駐站位置。EMPS可以適應不同的條件，其結果可以指出每一臨時停駐站之須要時間、可能的使用者、救護類別等，讓救護車的任務分派更為簡單與精確，本研究之成果將有助於對救護車的區位評估、排班、及管理等。

關鍵字

緊急救護 ； 熱區 ； 地理資訊 ； 覆蓋模型

並列摘要

This study suggests a new Emergency Management Hot Spots (EMHS) model as the patches of current EMS spatial distribution. This model works differently from the existing ambulance location and relocation models. EMHS consists of two parts; the first part is to identify the hot spots based on the experiences. The second part is the algorithm that selects the places for the new patches of mobile ambulance service areas. In the first part, we use the Cross Table, ANOVA, Correlation Coefficients, and grouping of factors to find special characters and patterns in the EMS records from Taichung city in the past decade. Then, we design an EMS problem locations selection method to determine the hot spots of EMS that could be the potentially busy areas of EMS requests. In the second part, we suggest a method to arrange the service areas to cover all the problem areas. With this method, we believe that it can assist the ambulance redeployment or reschedule schema and at the same time can solve the business problems in the study area. The results show that in 2008 the hot spots are 113 cells and in 2020 are 105 within Taichung city. In 2008, the study area needs five additional mobile ambulance sties to cover most of the problem areas. The pattern of hot spots shifts toward north and west of the city from 2008 to 2020, on the other hand, on the south side and the center of the city the hot spots are receding. These results can profit by location evaluation, deployment scheduling, and management of ambulances in the future.

並列關鍵字

EMS ； GIS ； Coverage mode ； Hot spots

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