從保險發展之需求探討對稱手平衡對13歲到15歲青少年之肩上投擲動作表現之影響

The Effects of Symmetrical Balances on the Overarm Throwing Performances of 13-to 15-year-old Adolescents in Development of Sports Insurance

張軒楷(Shiuan-Kai chang)

指導教授 ： 王安平 ； 王言

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/保險金融管理系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究目的在運動保險的發展中探討13歲與15歲青少年在肩上投擲動作時，是否使用非慣用手作平衡，對於投擲距離的影響，實驗參與者為13歲和15歲之男、女性青少年共300名，研究中以SONY攝影機拍攝實驗參與者之上手投擲動作過程，並測量其投擲距離，再由研究者記錄所有實驗參與者之投擲表現，並以獨立樣本二因子變異數分析，考驗非慣用手和年齡是否影響男性和女性青少年之投擲距離表現。結果顯示，無論是男性或女性，其年齡和有無運用非慣用手之交互作用未達顯著；在年齡之主要效果方面，男性青少年有顯著差異，F(1, 143) = 9.62, p = .002，即男性之15歲組的投擲距離優於13歲組，而女性則未達顯著差異，F(1, 149) = 0.05, p = .825。另在有無運用非慣用手之主要效果方面，男性F(1, 143) = 6.84, p = .010與女性F(1, 149) = 18.88, p < .001皆達顯著差異，即在肩上投擲時，有運用非慣用手來維持身體平衡者，其投擲距離較遠；故本研究證實投擲時如能善用非慣用手以維持動作平衡，則有助於提升青少年之肩上投擲表現，意即投擲型態是影響投擲距離的重要因素。此研究可做為運動保險中身體成熟及協調控制能力的參考。

關鍵字

運動保險 ； 投擲距離 ； 肩上投擲 ； 青少年

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the adolescent aged 13 and 15 would use a non-dominant arm to balance in overarm throwing, and its effect, if any, on throwing distance in the development of sports insurance. The 300 participants in this research were male and female adolescents aging between 13 and 15. The participants would be filmed by using SONY camera during the overarm throwing performance, and the throwing distance would be measured. All participants’ performances were recorded by the researcher. Independent sample of two-way analysis of variance was then employed to test if the male and female adolescents’ performance of throwing distance was affected by non-dominant arm and/or age. In conclusion, there no significant difference was observed with regards to gender, age, on the use of the non-dominant arm in throwing. As for main effects of age, there exhibits significant difference in male adolescents, F(1, 143) = 9.62, p = .002; the throwing distance of males 15-year-old group was more dominant than that of the 13-year-old group, while no significance was attested in females F(1, 149) = 0.05, p = .825. Another main effect with or without the use of non-dominant arm, results of males F(1, 143) = 6.84, p =. 010 and females f (1, 149) = 18.88, p <. 001 was significant; the participants, who used non-dominant arm in overarm throwing to maintain body balanced, threw better than those who did not. This study confirmed that the use of the non-dominant arm to balance the body facilitate the overarm throwing performance of the adolescents by giving more distance, which can be used as reference of physical maturation and coordination control in sports insurance.

並列關鍵字

throwing distance ； overarm throwing ； adolescents ； sport insurance

參考文獻

李村棋、卓俊伶（1998a）。十二歲學童單手投擲型式的關鍵因素：手掌寬度。體育學報，25，259-268。

李村棋、卓俊伶（1998b）。工作限制對國小學童投擲型式的影響。體育學報，26，225-232。

呂欣善、王琦正、陳相榮（1996）。不同投擲方法對女子壘球準確度及距離之影響。體育學報，21，171-182。

邱文信、陳五洲（2003）。影響9-12歲兒童過肩投擲距離表現因素之研究。大專體育學刊，5(1)，139-148。

邱文信、劉亞文（2004）。以縱貫式方法（追蹤一年）探究九歲女童投擲距離表現相關因素。育達學院學報，7，243-262。