影響本土固氮螺旋菌生長、固氮活性及吲哚乙酸產出因子之研究

The research of factors affecting the population, nitrogen-fixing activity and indole-3-acetic acid excreting ability of indigenous Azospirillum spp.

蕭翔文(Hsiang-wen Hsiao)

指導教授 ： 簡宣裕 ； 陳齊聖

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/應用化學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究為了獲得本土協同固氮細菌，由甜高梁、大白菜、白花椰菜、青花椰菜、山藥等作物根部及根圈土壤分離、純化、篩選出具固氮活性及產生較高濃度吲哚乙酸 ( IAA ) 之協同固氮菌株Azopspirillum Asg29和Azopspirillum brasilense Ya20。將此二菌株與對照組菌株Azopspirillum brasilense 14313 比較在不同因子 ( 溫度、pH、繞轉速度、碳源、氮源 ) 變量下進行培養時、菌族群數、固氮活性及 IAA 產出濃度差異。
試驗結果顯示，A. sp. Asg 29 與 A. brasilense Ya20 比A. brasilense 14313有更好的固氮活性及 產出IAA 能力。使菌株之生長、產出 IAA 能力及固氮活性有較好表現的適合培養條件，三株菌相互之間是有差異的；A. brasilense Ya20 於以氯化銨取代硫酸銨，當做碳源的培養基中生長時，有最高的族群數；最適合A. sp. Asg29菌株生長的條件為培養基酸鹼值調整至 pH 6.0，在30℃ 溫度培養；A. brasilense Ya20於以丙酮酸當碳源且不含氯化鈉培養基中最適合生長；A. sp. Asg29 與 A. brasilense Ya20 分別於25℃ 與 20℃ 時，有最高的固氮活性。本研究所篩選獲得之 A. sp. Asg29 與 A. brasilense Ya20菌株將可供日後應用於產製生物肥料、接種於非豆科作物，以增進其生長與品質。

關鍵字

固氮螺旋菌 ； 吲哚乙酸 ； 固氮活性

並列摘要

This research studied the screening, isolation and characterization of indigenous nitrogen fixing azosiprilla that can provide associative nitrogen fixing function to plants of Poaceae. The domains of screening included domestic sweet sorghum, peanut, broccoli, Chinese cabbage and rice. Strain screening criteria were nitrogen fixing capability and high yield of indol-3-acetic acid (IAA, a plant growth promoting chemical). Two strains, Azopspirillum spp Asg29 and Azopspirillum brasilense Ya20 that met both criteria were obtained. The obtained azospirilla strains were compared, in terms of various fermentation variables (temperature, pH, shaker speed, carbon and nitrogen sources, salt concentrations), against the control (A. brasilense BCRC 14313). Experimental results showed that both the strains Asg29 and Ya20 were better nitrogen fixer, as well as IAA producer than the strain BCRC 14313. Optimum fermentation conditions varied among the strains. Strain Ya20 grew best when ammonium sulfate was replaced by ammonium chloride as the nitrogen source. Strain Asg29 grew best at 30℃ and pH6. Strain Ya20 produced more IAA when pyruvic acid was used as the carbon source and in the absence of NaCl. While strain Asg29 demonstrated best nitrogen fixing ability at 25℃, strain Ya20 was best at 20℃. Both strains were suitable for future applications in the field of microbial fertilizer.

並列關鍵字

Azospirillum ； Indole-3-acetic acid ； Nitrogen-fixing

參考文獻

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