在結構工程中,常見之樑理論為Bernoulli樑理論以及Timoshenko樑理論,一般而言,兩者間之差異不大,但當構件之細長比較大或高頻分析時使用Bernoulli樑理論分析將會有相當之誤差。 本論文針對不同細長比與軸力大小比較兩種樑理論所得結果間之差異,並且觀察其自然頻率之變化趨勢。研究結果發現,Bernoulli樑之自然頻率變化趨勢與細長比無關,相對於Timoshenko樑之自然頻率變化量,則會隨細長比大小而有不同之趨勢;此外Timoshenko樑之自然頻率變化之趨勢無關於邊界條件,在自然頻率接近高頻時,會因撓曲波傳現象使其振態頻率差相當一致;在細長比較大時,撓曲及厚剪兩種模態會發生振頻推擠現象。利用已知之簡單動力特性趨勢或建立適當關係式,例如歸納自然頻率變化特性,具潛力可成為提供進行桿件性質評估時之參考方法。
Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam theories are the two common theories used in structural practices. The differences between two theories are generally minor but they can be significant for results associated with slender members and within the relatively high frequency region. It is investigated in this study, the difference of responses predicted by the two theories with various slenderness ratios and under different levels of axial forces, emphasizing the varying trends of the natural frequencies. It is concluded that frequencies by Bernoulli beam are irrelevant to the slenderness ratio while Timoshenko theory includes effect of such factor. Besides, frequencies by Timoshenko beam approach limiting values regardless the boundary conditions applied to the member. Applications of simple trends of dynamic characteristics or relations of certain quantities may potentially be useful to serve as a reference method in evaluating member integrity.