探討專利訴訟網路之角色、專利引用網路之結構與屬性 ——基於專利訴訟數據

Explore the Role of Patent Litigation Network and the Structure & Properties of Patent Citation Network Based on Patent Litigation Data

劉瑞榮(RUI-RONG LIU)

指導教授 ： 賴奎魁 ； 張鐵軍

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系台灣產業策略發展博士班/博士(2017年)

摘要

自2000年以來，世界各個國家圍繞LED的研製展開了激烈的技術競賽，專利侵權時有發生，由此也引發了大規模的專利大戰。辨識企業在訴訟關係中的位置角色成爲“知己知彼”訴訟戰略實施的重要課題；另外隱藏在係爭專利背後的知識流動狀況成爲企業專利佈局首要解決的問題。先前的研究大多集中在評估公司持有的專利數量和品質，以提供專利組合和評估的資訊。基於安全性等因素，使用專利的研究往往有一定的資訊獲取局限性，而專利訴訟資訊易於獲取，即使案件數量較少，也能反映專利的重要性。因此本研究提出了以專利訴訟數據為基礎，以訴訟主體構建的專利訴訟網路和以訴訟客體構建的專利引用網路兩方面研究的新思路。
本研究收集了2000-2016年間的LED專利訴訟數據，首先提取訴訟主體資訊，構建專利訴訟網絡，通過網路中心性分析、多變量分析以及位置之角色分析三個步驟完成了專利訴訟網絡之角色研究。結果顯示LED訴訟企業可以分為四群，分別為領先者、核心競爭者、非專利實施主體和潛在威脅者，分群效果良好，與企業所在市場地位相吻合。接著提取訴訟客體資訊，構建係爭專利國家、機構和技術領域引用網路，通過網路可視化、網路拓撲和關鍵節點分析三個視角深入分析了係爭專利網路的結構與屬性。分析結果表明三個引用網路的度分佈都遵循冪律分佈，屬於無標度網路，美國、日本、荷蘭、德國和韓國是國家引用網路中的關鍵節點，機構引用網路中最重要的是Philips, Cree, Nichia, Osram, Seoul Semiconductor and GE，技術領域引用網路中關鍵節點則是H01L、F21V和 H05B。
研究的新視角不僅可以為企業提供專利訴訟戰略和專利佈局的管理意見，而且也可以為後續理論研究提供結構性方法和小樣本研究思路，從而 提高研究的信度與效度。

關鍵字

LED ； 專利訴訟 ； 系爭專利 ； 專利引用 ； 社會網路分析

並列摘要

All countries in the world have started fierce technical competitions around the development of LED since 2000, and patent infringement has occurred from time to time, which has also triggered a large-scale patent war. Identifying the position of the firm in the litigation relationship becomes an important issue in the implementation of the litigation strategy of "Know the enemy, know yourself". In addition, the flow of technological knowledge hidden behind the patent becomes the primary solution to patent layout of the enterprises. Previous studies have mostly focused on assessing the number and quality of patents held by companies to provide information on patent portfolios and assessments. Due to factors such as security, the research based on patents tends to have limited access, patent litigation is easy to access and reflects the importance of the patents well even with a small number of cases. Therefore, this study proposes new ideas on the basis of patent litigation data, two aspects such as the patent litigation network constructed by litigation subject and the patent citation network constructed by litigation object.
This study collected data on LED patent litigation between 2000 and 2016. Firstly, the litigation subject information was extracted and the patent litigation network was constructed. The research on the role of patent litigation network was completed through three steps of network centrality analysis, multivariate analysis and of position & role analysis. The results show that LED litigation companies can be divided into four groups which label leaders, core competitors, Non-practicing entities and potential threats, with good effect of clustering and be consistent with market position of the enterprise. Then, the object of litigation was extracted and the patent citation network of the country, the institution and the technology was built. The structure and properties of the patent citation network were analyzed in depth through three aspects: network visualization, network topology analysis and key nodes analysis. The results show that the distributions of the three patent citation networks follow the power law distribution and belong to the scale-free network. The United States, Japan, the Netherlands, Germany and South Korea are the key nodes in the country citation network. The most important nodes in the institution citation network is Philips, Cree, Nichia, Osram, Seoul Semiconductor and GE, H01L, F21V and H05B are the key nodes in the technology citation network.
The new perspective of research not only can provide enterprises with the management opinions of patent litigation strategy and patent layout, but also can provide structural approach and small sample research ideas for follow-up theoretical research so as to improve the reliability and validity of the research.

並列關鍵字

LED ； patent litigation ； litigation patent ； patent citations ； social network analysis

參考文獻

一、英文部分

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