有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池產電最佳化之研究

Optimization Study of Electricity Production by Organic Waste Microbial Fuel Cell

劉大瑋(Da-Wei Liou)

指導教授 ： 羅煌木

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

隨著世界能源問題日益嚴重，不同型態的再生能源不斷被開發。微生物燃料電池係利用微生物分解有機物產生電力，是一種新興再生能源的技術。在多種微生物燃料電池類型中，有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池的實用性較高。本研究目的為於實驗室建置有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池，並探討影響有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池電力之因素。
本研究擬探討有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池產電最佳化條件，以有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池產電作為再生能源之可行性。微生物燃料電池以1.5 L與4.5 L矩形壓克力槽體兩種尺寸(含單槽與雙槽)進行，植種污泥取自台中市福田水資源回收中心之污泥厭氧消化槽，並以合成有機廢棄物作為微生物利用碳源基質進行實驗。極板陰極與陽極分別以碳氈、碳板、碳紙、不鏽鋼板與碳氈等加以搭配組合，進行有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池極板產電最佳化之研究。
研究結果顯示，單槽微生物燃料電池，最佳產電效果以陽極為碳氈，陰極為碳板之極板組合，1.5 L槽體產電最高可達1.295 V，功率密度為4.08 mW/m2；4 L槽體產電最高可達0.625 V，功率密度1.87 mW/m2；雙槽微生物燃料電池，最佳產電效果以陽極為碳氈，陰極為碳氈之極板組合，1.5 L槽體產電最高可達0.83 V，功率密度為25.21 mW/m2；4 L槽體產電最高0.732 V，功率密度44.28 mW/m2。
有機廢棄物微生物燃料電池添加灰燼實驗中，添加0.2 g/g-VS底灰，沒有顯著提升產電性能，可能是微生物需長時間來適應灰燼釋出之金屬，以利其厭氧生物代謝程式之增進，1.5 L槽體產電最高可達0.692 V，功率密度為2.02 mW/m2；4 L槽體產電最高可達0.63 V，功率密度2.275 mW/m2；雙槽微生物燃料電池，最佳產電效果以陽極為碳氈，陰極為碳氈之極板組合，1.5 L槽體產電最高可達0.767 V，功率密度為17.51 mW/m2；4 L槽體產電最高0.73 V，功率密度15.89 mW/m2。

關鍵字

灰燼 ； 微生物燃料電池 ； 有機廢棄物 ； 功率密度

並列摘要

This study aimed to investigate the optimization operation conditions of microbial fuel cell (MFC) with organic waste and the bio-electricity potential from organic waste by microorganisms. MFC contained two sizes of 1.5 L and 4.5 L acrylic rectangular tanks with one or two apartment. Anaerobic sludge seeding was obtained from Fu-Tien wastewater treatment plant in central Taiwan and organic substrate was prepared by office paper, newspaper, yard waste and food waste. Cathode was set up with carbon felt, carbon plate, carbon paper, steel plate while anode was set up with only carbon felt for various plates combination to conduct the experiment.
Results showed that MFC (single-apartment) could reach voltage and power density of 1.295 V and 4.08 mW/m2 for 1.5 L MFC and those of 0.625 V and 1.87 mW/m2 for 4 L MFC. For MFC with two apartments, voltage and power density could reach 0.83 V and 25.21 mW/m2 for 1.5 L MFC while those could reach 0.732 V and 44.28 mW/m2 for 4 L MFC.
For MFC with MSWI bottom ash addition (0.2 g/g-VS), voltage did not increase as expected. For single-apartment MFC, voltage and power density of 0.692 V and 2.02 mW/m2 for 1.5 L MFC and those of 0.63 V and 2.275 mW/m2 for 4 L MFC was found. For two-apartment MFC, voltage and power density of 0.767 V and 17.51 mW/m2 for 1.5 L MFC and those of 0.73 V and 15.89 mW/m2 for 4 L MFC could be reached. It was thought that suitable bottom ash addition might need longer term for microorganisms to adapt the potential release of metals for potential increase of voltage and power density.

並列關鍵字

bottom ash ； power density ； organic waste ； Microbial fuel cell

參考文獻

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