運用BIM模型提供建築物消防救災即時資訊之研究

「火」的使用與我們生活息息相關，根據內政部消防署統計107年1月至2月全台共發生了4209次火災事件，火災帶來的傷害小則財務上的損失，大則奪走人命，若火災發生在公共設施時，如：電影院、戲院等，帶來的損傷更是嚴重，在傳統火災搶救作業上，消防人員需攜帶大量紙本資料前往救災現場，根據平面圖以及現場情勢快速擬定救災計畫，解救受困的民眾，並且撲滅火勢。但紙本查詢不僅受到圖資是否完整的限制，判讀上也往往需花費較多的時間整合不同2D圖面的資訊。若能結合BIM模型的可視化與3D資訊整合功能，應可顯著改善救災前的資訊掌握程度。因此本研究以一公共設施建築物為例，探討其BIM模型應如何建置資訊及查詢介面，才能在火災搶救階段時使消防人員在抵達火災現場前，充分掌握建築空間及消防設備資訊，以提高救災決策的準確性與效率性。

關鍵字

建築資訊模型(BIM) ；公共設施；火災搶救；火災原因調查

並列摘要

The use of “fire” is closely related to our lives. According to statistics from National Fire Agency of the Ministry of the Interior R.O.C. , there were 4,209 fire incidents across Taiwan from January to February of the year. The damage caused by fires resulted extensive property damage, while the largest ones caused many deaths. If fires occur in public facilities, such as cinemas and theaters, the damage caused is even more serious. In the case of traditional fire rescue operations, firefighters need to carry large amounts of floor plans to disaster relief sites, and quickly formulate disaster relief plans based on plans and on-site situations. Plan to rescue trapped people and extinguish fire. However, the paper-based query is not only limited by the completeness of the floor plans, but it usually takes more time to integrate the information of different 2D drawings. If we can combine BIM model visualization and 3D information integration capabilities, we should be able to significantly improve the pre-relief information mastery. Therefore, this study uses general public facility buildings as an example to discuss how its BIM model should build information and query interfaces so that firefighters can fully grasp the information of the building space and fire-fighting equipment before they reach the fire scene in the fire rescue phase. Improve the accuracy and efficiency of disaster relief decisions.