柔道選手賽前減重、自覺健康狀況與運動表現關係之研究

A Study of the Relationship among the Judo Contestants’ Weight Reductions before Competition, Self-rated Health Status and Sports Performance.

張弘諺(Hong-Yen Chang)

指導教授 ： 陳人維 ； 李素箱

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解賽前減重情形、運動表現與自覺健康狀況之關係。以參加2013年全國中等學校運動會之柔道選手為研究對象，採問卷調查法。並以立意取樣法進行問卷發放，共計發出400份問卷，有效樣本數為327份，有效回收率為81.8％，所得資料經描述性統計、推論性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析與卡方檢定，進行資料分析後所得結果如下：本次選手的自覺健康狀況以「生理構面」最高；不同的賽前減重情形對自覺健康狀況有顯著影響；不同的賽前減重情形與運動表現有顯著相關；不同的自覺健康狀況與運動表現有顯著相關。從研究結果並發現，可瞭解目前柔道選手在賽前減重觀念上已有改善，但在減重方法的選擇上還需改進，而選手選擇使用長期的飲食調整與體重控制的方法時，對其自覺健康狀況感覺較佳，有良好的減重方式，對於選手的運動表現會有正向的影響，選手本身自覺健康狀況感覺良好時，對於運動表現也會有正向的影響。之後並根據所得結果提出實務應用與後續研究之建議予教練、選手及未來研究者作為參考。

關鍵字

健康狀況 ； 競技狀況 ； 急速減重 ； 柔道

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship among the weight reductions before competition, self-rated heath satus and sports performance. The research samples were the Judo contestants who participate in the national middle school competition, via the method of purposive sampling. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, and with 327 valid responses, the effective collection rate is 81.8%. According to the purpose of this study, the descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, independent t-test, independent samples as well as one-way analysis of variance and the chi-square test would be adopted to analyze data. After statistical analysis, the major findings of the study were as follows: 1. The research samples perceived the highest value for the "physiological dimension" in the self-rated health status. 2. Different situations of the weight reductions before competition would have a significant impact on Judo contestants’ self-rated health status. 3. Different situations of the weight reductions before competition would be significantly related to the Judo contestants’ sports performance. 4. Different self-rated health status would be significantly related to the Judo contestants’ sports performance. From the results and findings, we can tell nowadays the concept of the weight reductions before competition of the Judo contestants are getting better, but still need to be improved in the weight loss selections. When Judo contestants use the long-term way for diet and weight control, their self-rated health status would get better. Adopt a good way to weight reductions would have positive affect toward the sports performance. And when the contestants perceived their self-rated health status as fine, their sports performance would be better. Furthermore, based on the results, this study would provide practical applications and future research proposals to the coaches, athletes and future researchers as a reference.

並列關鍵字

Health State ； Competitive Status ； Rapid Weight Loss ； Judo

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