登山行為的腰部護具改良設計與評估

Design and evaluation of waist support for mountaineering

黃琬婷(Wan-ting Huang)

指導教授 ： 胡祖武

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/工業設計系碩士班/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究以HDT(Human Design Technology)設計方法為架構，目的為探討登山行為腰部護具使用性問題及提出設計規範加以改良。首先針對三款市售腰部護具，進行使用性的觀察及實驗，13位受測者分別以無穿戴與穿戴腰部護具兩種情形，模擬登山的動作:起立、前彎、放下、步行等動作做測試。發現在穿戴腰部護具上能降低整體腰部肌群的負荷，而腹斜外肌與背闊肌活動度比起無穿戴有減少趨勢，但對腹直肌影響較少。再透過HDT設計方法中的3P (3-Points)任務分析，彙整產品操作時的問題並予以架構化，經由專家權重配重後，將結果轉換為設計元素。初階發想設計:主要針對材料及結構組合來打樣第一款腰部護具，以參與式方法請受測者們試穿評估並修改。而最終修正後的第二款腰部護具，在比對前期試戴的問卷及評價調查中，腰帶設計緊度的增加和後背有支條撐起，有助於登山時腰部直腹肌、斜外腹肌、背闊肌等活動度的降低，達到支撐、舒適的效果。本研究建議腰部護具產品的研究，除了生物力學等實驗方式外，可藉由HDT的使用性設計程序歸納出，在設計腰部護具產品時的一套規範:1.整體構造的組成；2.舒適與支持性的取捨考量；3.實用與接受度來作為設計腰部護具的參考方向。

關鍵字

腰部護具 ； 登山行為 ； HDT使用性設計方法 ； 設計規範

並列摘要

In this study, HDT (Human Design Technology) design methodology has been used as the framework for the purpose of studying the behavior of waist braces in climbing and hiking to determine usability and problems found to propose improvement of design specifications. Three commercially available waist braces were used for the first observation and experiment. 13 subjects were chosen to test with and without wearing the waist braces in two scenarios to simulate the following climbing actions: standing, bending forward, squatting down, walking, etc. during testing. Wearing of the protective gear was found to reduce the overall load on the waist muscles. Abdominal oblique muscle activity compared with the latissimus dorsi (major back muscle) showed a decreasing trend without the brace but there was less impact on the rectus abdominis (abs) with or without the brace.. Then through HDT design methods 3P (3-Points) task analysis, collection of issues and product operation was architected, through climbing and hiking experts weighing and counter-weighing their results into the design elements giving their knowledge and suggestions on areas that needed change. The first initial design: the main structure and material combinations for the new waist brace went through proofing by participation from our volunteer subjects to evaluate the comfort level for further modification. The final revised waist brace, which followed the earlier model tried to match participants'' evaluation in a questionnaire survey. Results showed the revision''s increase in belt design tightness and strengthened propping up of the back with brace pieces helped climbers'' straightening of the abdominal waist, reducing the degree of the latissimus dorsi and other muscle activities, to support a comfort effect. This study suggests that waist brace product research, in addition to biomechanics and other experimental approaches, are available by the HDT design process summarized in the design of the waist brace product set of specifications: 1. Overall structure of the composition; 2 Comfort and support considerations; 3. practicality and acceptance as a reference in waist brace design.

並列關鍵字

usability design methods ； design specifications HDT ； waist brace ； climbing behavior

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