中高齡者健身車使用性評估與改善探討

Usability Evaluation And Improvements on Exercise Bike for Older Adults

邱毓玲(Yu-Ling Chiu)

指導教授 ： 胡祖武

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/工業設計系碩士班/碩士(2013年)

摘要

中高齡者因歲月增長其體型、身體機能改變，健身車器材設計應與年輕健康族群所有區別。騎乘姿勢與運動效果、舒適性將影響使用者是否適合長期使用，本研究將藉由「實驗數據收集」和「操作分析」，探討中高齡者健身車進行使用性評估與改善。本研究於2012年7月至8月對9名中高齡女性，平均年齡58.6歲(SD=5.17)，平均身高為160.1公分(SD=1.83)，在十種情境(五種斜躺位置*二種踏踩速率)下，收集其心搏率、膝關節與踝關節夾角、下肢肌電訊號(EMG)以及主觀不舒適度評量表(RPE)比較其差異性。實驗結果顯示，在曲柄軸心與座墊中心水平夾角呈32°至46°斜躺位置，高速組在32±2°時％MHR為最低，股二頭肌%MVC最高，在46±2°時股直肌、股內側肌％MVC最高，在RPE以35±2°被認為總體最舒適的位置。騎乘位置在統計對關節角度無影響，而RPE以膝蓋部位在46±2°位置時不舒適度為最大。在低速組以35±2°為％MHR最低。因此於對於心肺功能較不佳或需減少關節負擔者，建議慢騎，低阻抗，將座墊調整至約35±2°位置，為心搏最經濟，整體最舒適位置。透過3P任務分析將各項需求構造化為：人因工學、傷害預防、環境融合三部份，以70個設計項目鑑定可性行，強調舒適性、上下機台安全性，並降低管距，加強穩定性和收納功能，經設計改善符合中高齡者身心機能操作的產品。

關鍵字

健身車 ； 騎乘姿勢 ； 使用性 ； 中高齡者

並列摘要

The physiological and psychological status of the elderly is different from that of the young. Therefore the design of the indoor exercise bike for the elderly should be unlike from the young. According to literature, riding position, comfort and effect will affect the inclination of the long-term use of the user. This study will examine the assessment and improvement of the use in the elderly through the experimental data collection and operational analysis. The data of ten different movements (five types of the recumbent position and two types of velocity), heart rate, the angles of the knee and ankle, EMG data, and ratings of perceived exertion scale (Borg’s CR-10) from 9 elderly women with mean age of 58.6(SD=5.17) were collected from July 2012 to August 2012. The experimental result shows that when the treading rate is fast, the crank angle between the horizontal axis and the center cushion at 32±2 degrees shows the lowest scores of ％MHR; biceps femoris (%MVC) and vastus medialis (%MVC) are the highest score. The lower back and knees have lower subjective discomfort. In general, the value of subjective discomfort shows lower while the crank angle between the horizontal axis and the center cushion is at 35 degrees. Moreover, %MVC shows the highest scores in Rectus femoris at 46 degrees and when treading rate is getting slow, %MHR shows the lowest score in the recumbent position at 35 degrees. The knee and ankle joint angles in different recumbent position show no statistically significant difference. In conclusion, those who has poor cardiopulmonary function or need to reduce the burden of joint movement should ride slowly to have a low resistance. The most comfortable position which shows the least heart rate is to adjust the cushion to the position at 35±2 degrees between 32 degrees to 46 degrees. People with different exercise habits can do their own preferences to adjust the reclining position with strengthening the muscles of the knee by training the less using muscles.

並列關鍵字

exercise bike ； older adults ； riding position ； usability

參考文獻

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