建築物結構及耐震補強對策研究案例探討

本論文主要研究目的為，呼應目前政府目前所推動之『都市危險及老舊建築物結構安全性能評估辦法』，利用本研究案例之大樓進行完整性的結構安全性評估試驗，先就建築物之基本建築資料(如:建築圖、結構圖、結構計算書等)取得後之建築物初步勘驗，而初步勘驗作業除針對甲方需求或特殊配合事項，將依據所取得之資料先行比對是否有變更施工部分(與建築或結構圖說圖說不符合)，再以ETABS結構軟體分析原結構體狀態，再進一步分析目前使用之結構狀態，以確認結構體和設計階段或其結構承載能力是否符合；並利用目前工程界常用之試驗方法：(1)地質鑽探_驗證土壤液化情形；(2)混凝土鑽心試驗(破壞檢測)及混凝土反彈鎚試驗(非破壞檢測)_利用兩種試驗交叉比對，驗證混凝土強度是否劣化；以及(3)鋼筋掃描_驗證結構體鋼筋是否符合設計規格；綜合上述分析後提出相關分析報告並提供日後之建築物維修保養建議事項，若有結構上之潛在疑慮時，則據以提出適當之補強措施及改善建議。

關鍵字

結構安全評估；結構鑑定；結構數值分析

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to present methods of assessment used to comply with current government legislations in relation to Structural Safety Assessment and Structural Identification of existing buildings. This Structural Safety Assessment utilises architectural drawings, structural specification drawings and structural stress analysis calculations. From preliminary assessments, it is determined whether the construction of a multi-story building complies with the approved engineering specifications. In the event of non-compliance further assessment is required to implement changes to the design or plans. To determine structural compliance the use of ETABS (an engineering software for multi-story building stress analysis and design) will determine the structural load capacity of the existing design. Furthermore the following methods are also used for this assessment: 1. Geotechnical evaluation methods such as geological drilling is used to evaluate soil liquefaction in order to determine the state of the building’s foundation. 2. To estimate the mechanical properties of the concrete used in the building two (2) methods is used to verify the compression strength of the concrete. These method are the destructive (crushing) and non-destructive (hammer rebound) tests. 3. Rebar scanning is used to determine the state of the reinforcing steel embedded in the concrete. This scanning method is used to determine the location of the post-tension cables and the spacing of the reinforced steel. Using the methods outlined above it is possible to determine the structural safety of existing building structures by identifying areas of the building that requires repair and maintenance. Sound engineering recommendations can be made to improve on the overall integrity of the existing building structure.