以科技接受模式探討推動電子貿易關鍵因素之研究

The study of significant factors of promoting electronic trade from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

陳柏志(Po-Chih Chen)

指導教授 ： 曾德宜

大同大學/經營設計學院/資訊經營學系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

國際貿易屬廣義商業的一環，但就國內貿易業在電子商務或電子化方面的進展，可能要較其他產業來得落後，若欲推廣國際貿易便捷化作業，此一部分的電子化和整合工作應為首要之務。而資訊科技的興起促使時間與空間的瓦解，其進步正重寫人類經濟發展史，且其影響正持續擴大中。貿易運籌業者若要推動電子商務或電子化方面的進展，無疑地必須運用到資訊科技，資訊科技的掌握已經成為企業提昇競爭力之關鍵因素之一。次外,為因應全球貿易程序改革及便捷化之發展趨勢，採用資訊科技進行電子化貿易可為台灣提升整體貿易競爭力、落實台灣成為全球重要貿易運籌樞紐。
本研究從環境因素、組織因素、競爭策略以及系統供給面特性四個構面整合歸納相關研究所提出影響因素，並且以Davis(1989)所提出的科技接受模式(Technology Acceptance Model，TAM)為基礎建構一影響因素之研究模式及研究假設，針對台北市貿易運籌業者為研究對象採郵寄問卷方式進行實證研究，探討影響國內貿易運籌業者採用資訊科技進行貿易電子化的關鍵成功因素，及其因素之間的相互關聯性。其結果可以作為貿易相關產業之資訊系統導入及新技術研發與應用的基礎。

本研究發現國內貿易運籌業者採用資訊科技之關鍵成功因素為：
1. 「認知有用性」受到「環境不確定與變遷」、「競爭壓力」、「組織特性」、「資訊科技基礎架構」、「系統供應商聲譽」、「差異化」等因素的影響。
2. 「認知易用性」受到「關係伙伴建立維持」、「組織特性」、「差異化」、「系統供應商聲譽」等因素的影響。
3. 業者對電子化貿易相關資訊科技的「採用意向」主要受到「認知有用性」、「認知易用性」的影響；「認知有用性」會正向影響「認知易用性」。

關鍵字

電子化貿易 ； 貿易便捷化 ； 資訊科技 ； 科技接受模式

並列摘要

Broadly speaking, international trade is part of commerce, but as for e-commerce and the use of computer and electronic communications in trading industries, this part in Taiwan is lagging behind, compared to other parts. If we want to launch the “International Trade Facilitation” plan, the e-trading and integrations of this part have been the most important work. Due to the rise of information technology (IT), information technology can dismiss the limitations of time and space, and the advancement of information technology overwrote the development of human economic history; the influences are escalated continual. If the trading and logistics industries want to launce the development of e-trading and e-commerce, undoubtedly they must use information technology. The handle of information technology has already been one of the critical factors to promote the competitiveness among the industry. Furthermore, with the prevailing trend of development in free trade environment and simplification in trading procedures, the use of information technology in e-trading will enhance our overall trade competitiveness and enable us to be a crucial global logistic center.

This research combines four dimensions of factors from the research of “Environment”, “Organization”, “Competitive Strategy”, and “Property of system supply” and use Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a basis theory to construct the research model and research hypothesis. We take trading and logistics industries in Taipei as sampling frame of potential respondents, and mail questionnaires to them to precede research as empirical study in order to probe the critical success factors (CSFs) of the use of information technology in e-trading among trading and logistics industry, and the relations between factors. The results of this research can be the guide for the relevant trading industries in the introducing of new information technology in the future.

In this research, we found that there are some critical success factors of the trading and logistics industries with the use of information technology:
1. The factors, ”environment uncertainty and transition”, “competitive pressure”, “IT infrastructure”, “organization properties”, “differentiation”, and “IT provider reputation and support” are positively correlated to “perceived usefulness”.
2. The factors, “partner establish and hold”, “organization properties”, “differentiation”, and “differentiation” factors are positively correlated to “perceived ease of use”.
3. The “intention to use”, the industries process e-trading by the use of relevant information technologies is positively correlated to “perceived usefulness” and “perceived ease of use”; “perceived ease of use” is positively correlated to “perceived usefulness”.

並列關鍵字

E-trading ； Information Technology ； Technology Acceptance Model ； Trade Facilitation

參考文獻

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