投影幾何之電腦輔助教學設計與成效研究

The Effectiveness and Design of Computer-Assisted Instruction for Descriptive Geometry

林俊宏(Chun-Hung Lin)

指導教授 ： 梁成一

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

摘要

工業產品之設計與製造，必須經由工程圖之繪製，而後製造與生產，因此工程製圖是工業設計技術教育中一門重要的基礎課程。投影幾何為工程製圖之理論基礎，為訓練學生在三度空間的想像能力，以達成描述實體 (產品零件) 形狀之目的，所以在學習工程製圖的同時，若能對投影幾何有所認識，除能了解工程圖投影的來源與原理，對工程圖的識圖與製圖能力必有所助益。

傳統投影幾何教學中存在的問題點為：：一、教師教導方面：1、教學工具的限制；2、一對多的指導缺點；3、教學圖面的混亂；二、學生學習方面：1、自我練習時沒有評價標準；2、對於空間設定與配置要領無法掌握；3、重新繪製浪費時間。綜合上述之原因，使得整體教學與學習的成效有限，而達不到確切的教學目的。CAI的優點，可解決現今投影幾何教學上所存在的問題，讓學生與老師之間得到良好的互動關係，以提昇學習成效。因此本研究的主旨在於設計一套CAI投影幾何基礎教學軟體，利用電腦的特性，建立投影原理的學習空間，以提升學生的學習成效及老師教學上的幫助，並能應用於未來設計實務上。

本研究分為五個部份：一、探索性和描述性研究；二、文本研究；三、投影幾何CAI之設計；四、比較型研究；五、結果評估與探討。研究採用雙因子區集變異數分析、單因子變異數分析、平均數分析、LSD分析及無母數分析之Kruskal-Wallis Test等統計方法，實驗結果顯示透過本研究所設計的軟體之學習方式，對於新手 (電腦輔助教學組) 有較佳的學習成效，以及節省學習上的時間，且達到傳統練習方式的效果。對於有經驗的學生 (電腦組)，在自我學習及記憶恢復上也有較佳的成效。

研究之結果對投影幾何教學上所存在的問題，提供解決的方法。結論驗證了以電腦所產生的電腦輔助教學系統輔助傳統投影幾何教學的可行性、優點及存在價值。研究可作為後續相關研究的指南，期望能有更多研究者開發出工業設計教育相關的教學軟體，投入更多的心力，以提升工業設計教育的品質。

關鍵詞：工程製圖 (Engineering Drawing)、投影幾何 (Descriptive Geometry)、投影 (Projection)、電腦輔助教學 (Computer Assisted Instruction，CAI)

關鍵字

工程製圖、 投影幾何 、投影、電腦輔助教學

並列摘要

Abstract

Engineering drawing is the base of designing and manufacturing products. Therefore, engineering drawing is the important basic skill that an industrial designer must learn in school. Descriptive geometry is a theoretical basis of engineering drawing. In industrial design education, the course of descriptive geometry intends to help students to build their own 3D imaginary ability, and to describe the shapes of physical objects (such as product parts) in engineering drawings.
Existing problems in the traditional teaching of descriptive geometry are as follows: 1. In the teaching aspect: the limitation of teaching tools, the defects of one-to-many teaching modes, and hard to redraw; 2. In the learning aspect: no evaluation standards for self-practice, difficult to grasp the key points of space setting and placement, and sometimes being puzzled about the teaching.
The merits of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) could be adopted to solve existing problems in current descriptive geometry teaching. This research is aimed at designing a CAI descriptive geometry teaching software to improve the students’ learning effectiveness, and to assist in teaching. It can also be applied to future design practices.
This research includes five sections: 1. explore and describe the research problem; 2. to review related literature; 3. to design the CAI descriptive geometry teaching software; 4. to implement the CAI on class; 5. to compare the learning effectiveness between traditional teaching mode and CAI mode. One-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA were adopted in analyzing the collected data. LSD was applied if the results were significant. Incase of normality was doubted, Kruskal-Wallis was applied. In terms of learning effectiveness, the CAI mode is better than the traditional teaching mode for both the novice students and experienced students. Besides, the CAI mode also helps the experienced students recover their memory faster.
The results of this research have provided solutions to existing problems in descriptive geometry teaching. The conclusion has validated the feasibility, advantages and existing value of the CAI mode in the teaching of descriptive geometry. The research could be adopted as guidance of the following relative studies. Hopefully more people could involve in developing teaching software to improve the quality of industrial design education.
Key Words: Engineering Drawing, Descriptive Geometry, Projection, CAI

並列關鍵字

(Descriptive Geometry)(Engineering Drawing) (Pro

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