電腦輔助教學介面設計次原則研究

A Study on the Sub-principles of the Interface Design for Computer Assisted Instruction

姬明暐(Ming-Wei Chi)

指導教授 ： 梁成一

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

電腦輔助教學的發展至今已有四十多年的歷史，有許多研究皆顯示 CAI 應用到教學領域中均有好的表現，而要有一套好的電腦輔助教學軟體，重要關鍵就是在於它的介面設計是否適當，但介面要設計的好，要注意與掌握的原則非常多且複雜。而現今所提供的原則大多只是告訴設計者大方向，所以即使是同類型的課程，同樣的畫面，不同的設計者對於原則的運用也會造成不同的結果，若在原則上運用不當則會造成學習者在使用上的困擾，因此若能在這些「大」原則之下找出能給予設計者更明確指示的「次」原則，對於設計者在設計時將會有更好的參考依據、對於老師來說則有一套更有幫助的軟體可以輔佐他做教學、對於學生在使用時也會有更好的使用經驗。
擁有正確的人體計測的知識對於工業設計師來說是十分重要的，因此在學校學習時，老師如何教導學生就顯的相對重要，因此陳藝文 (民92) 設計了一套人體計測 CAI 軟體去輔助老師教學，最後結果顯示使用 CAI 軟體去輔助教學比起傳統教學來的更好，但是在介面使用上並未如預期中的好，因此本研究將根據研究所整理出來的「次」原則去設計一套人體計測 CAI 軟體，提升老師教學與學生學習的成效。
本研究受測者為 20 位大同大學工業設計研究所在職專班的同學，結果顯示：
一、受測者較喜歡參考「次」原則 (本研究所整理) 設計出來的「新」軟體；
二、靜態計測項目男生表現較不好的兩個項目：右手掌長、右手腕圍與陳藝文研究的數據沒有顯著差異；女生表現較不好的四個項目：立姿高、右手腕圍、坐姿臀寬、坐姿膝高與陳藝文研究的數據沒有顯著差異；
三、情境設計量測部分與標準值有顯著差異。
因此參考更明確的介面設計「次」原則對於設計CAI軟體是有幫助的，學習者在使用上會有較好的體驗，所以未來要設計CAI軟體時可參考本研究所整理的「次」原則，以設計出一套能加強學習者學習成效與使用經驗，以及能有效輔佐老師的教學軟體。

關鍵字

人體計測 ； 介面設計 ； 電腦輔助教學軟體

並列摘要

Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) has been developed for over 40 years and many researches show that CAI has good performances in teaching. A good set of CAI software depends on whether the interface design is appropriate. One has to take many complicated principles into consideration to have good design of interface. Current principles only tell designers major directions. Therefore, different designers have different results from application of the principles even for the same types of courses and pictures. Inappropriate use of principles would lead learners into troubles. Provided with more detailed sub-principles under each macro principles, designers will have better reference in designing. Teachers will have a set of more helpful software in teaching; students will have better experience in learning.
Having accurate anthropometry knowledge is important to industrial designers. This makes how teachers instruct students at school important. Chen Yi-wen (2003), as a result, designed a set of anthropometry CAI software to help teachers teach. The result showed that CAI software teaching was much better than traditional teaching. However, the interface was not as good as expected. Therefore, this research designed a set of anthropometry CAI software based on the organized sub-principles to enhance teachers’ instruction and students’ learning performances.
Subjects were 20 students at in-service master program of Industrial Design, Tatung University and the results are:
1.Subjects prefer the new software designed based on the sub-principles (organized by the researcher).
2.Regarding static anthropometry males did not perform well in five items — hand length, wrist circumference, maximal hip breadth (sitting), shoulder height (sitting), first phalanx length-digit Ⅲ.However, they do not have significant difference from those of Chen Yi-wen. Females did not perform well in seven items—stature, hand breadth across thumb, wrist circumference, maximal hip breadth (sitting), shoulder height (sitting), knee height, sitting, span. However, they do not have significant difference from those of Chen Yi-wen.
3.Under simulated situation, most of the measured items were significantly.
With more detailed sub-principles of interface design in mind, it does facilitate CAI software design. Learners will have better learning experience. Therefore, the sub-principles organized in this research can be a good reference in designing a set of teaching software that enhances learners’ learning performance and experience and effectively assists teachers in teaching.

並列關鍵字

Anthropometry ； Interface design ； CAI software

參考文獻

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Gardner, C. et al., "The Effect of CAI Hand-On Activities Elementary Students' Attitudes and Weather Knowledge," ERIC Document Reproduction Service, 1990, pp. 326-444.