利用資訊標示提升觸覺地圖辨識績效研究

A Study on the Information Cue for Enhancing the Recognition of Tactile Map

陳之穎(Chih-yin Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳志富

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

社會的進步也使得身心障礙者對於輔具的需求越來越要求完善，但是，很多輔具並未針對使用者的實際需求加以設計。本研究以視障者為中心，探討視障者使用的觸覺導引地圖之標示資訊與方式的使用績效，研究中，以視障者後天訓練的點字觸摸與定向行動訓練為感官補償作用來探討距離標示、方向標示、路徑標示等三因素，對於視障者使用觸覺地圖在觸摸時間、目標誤差距離、以及對地圖的需求上的差異，以ANOVA單因子變異數與LSD事後最小顯著性差異進行檢驗。其結果顯示，先天盲者在觸摸地圖的時間明顯多於後天盲者。距離與方向標示在本研究中對於觸摸觸覺地圖時間與目標誤差距離皆無顯著差異，路徑標示則對於目標誤差距離有顯著差異，但是，其對於觸摸時間則無顯著差異，另外，在本研究中所設定的兩種路徑標示模式的影響程度並沒有顯著差異。在後續的受測者訪談中，多數受測者偏好使用距離標示，因為此標示可以增進比例尺的概念，方向標示應該使用指示北方的方式，左右方向的標示並無使用上的實際意義，路徑標示雖然在觸摸時間上無顯著差異，但是，對於視障者理解並且記憶路徑有正面的幫助。研究結果對於觸覺地圖設計要素所做的建議，可提供建立公共區域觸覺地圖網與未來數位化觸覺地圖的介面準則。

關鍵字

視障者、觸覺地圖、介面、標示模式

並列摘要

The progressing of our society inspires the perfection of the disabilities’ requirements. Nevertheless, plenty of aids are designed without total consideration of their actual needs. This study focuses on the visually impaired people and discusses performance of information cue while using tactile map. Based on the acquired sensory compensation and Orientation and Mobility training, One-way ANOVA and LSD statistic methods are also used to examine factors such as distance cue, direction cue, and route cue in analyzing the differences among touch time, target error distance, and different needs of tactile map. The results shows congenitally blind people take more time to use the tactile map with comparison of the adventitiously blind ones. There are no distance and direction cue toward touch time of tactile map and target error distance, and meanwhile, significant difference is found between route cue and target error distance yet no significant difference between route cue and touch time. Furthermore, there are no significant differences between two route cue modes designed in this research. A large number of subjects in the following interview prefer distance cue due to its comprehensibility of proportional scale. The direction should mark toward the north, and sign marking left or right turn has no practical meaning in use. Route cue and touch time have no significant difference, and however, for the visual impairs, positive assistances are found in memorizing route. Related suggestions toward tactile map design are willing to adopted developing interface principles in building public regional and digital tactile map in the near future.

並列關鍵字

User Interface ； Tactile Map ； the Visually Impaired People ； Mode of Information Cue

參考文獻

(2)Andreou, Yiannoula, & Kotsis, Konstantinos T., (2005). The estimation of length, surface area, and volume by blind and sighted children. International Congress Series 1282, pp .780~784.

(4)Gibson, J. J., (1962). Observation on active touch. Psychological Review, 69, pp.477~91.

(5)Heller, M.A., & Kennedy, J.M., & Joyner, T.D., (1995). Production and interpretation of pictures of house by blind people. Perception; 24: pp.1049~1058.

(9)Kleinman, M. J., (1979). Developmental changes in haptic exploration and matching accuracy. Developmental Psychology; 15(4), pp.480~81.

(10)Lai, Hsin-His, & Chen, Yu-Cheng, (2006). A study on the blind’s sensory ability. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 36, pp. 565~570.