風力發電機之混合式最大功率追蹤法

HYBRID METHOD OF MAXIMUM POWER TRACKING FOR WIND POWER GERNERATOR

溫宗修(Zong-Siou Wun)

指導教授 ： 李清元

大同大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本論文主旨在於研究用於風力發電之最大功率追蹤控制器，俾能快速追蹤風力發電輸出之最大功率點。風力機之機械能轉換成電能的轉換方式採用交流發電機，直接與風車連接同軸旋轉。本文最大功率追蹤法是計算目前風力機所產生的功率，判斷目前運轉點是否接近最大功率點。當遠離最大功率點時，採用比較斜率法追蹤速度快之優點，快速接近最大功率點。當接近最大功率點時，採用三點權位法不易擾動之優點，使運轉點保持在最大功率點附近。結合兩種方法的優點，有效減少追蹤時間以及不易產生擾動，提升風力發電的能源轉換效率。
為了驗證本追蹤方法，本論文製作用於風力發電之盤式無鐵心永磁發電機，此類型發電機無鐵心結構，因此具有高效率及高功率質量比。藉由最大功率追蹤控制器並搭配此類型發電機，提高風能使用效率。
最後，系統以微處理器晶片PIC18F4520為核心，配合周邊驅動電路及適切的軟體控制，來達到最大功率追蹤之目標，並驗證所提出的理論。

關鍵字

最大功率追蹤 ； 風力發電

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to research the maximum wind power tracker. The tracker can rapidly track the maximum wind power point. A generator direct connected with wind turbine coaxial rotating transforms mechanical energy into electric energy. This tracking rule calculates wind generator output power for judging the operation point whether near the maximum power point or not. When operation point is distant from the maximum power point, the tracker adopts slope-comparing method having high tracking speed to approach maximum power point. When operation point is close to the maximum power point, the tracker adopts three-point-weighting method keeping operation point near the maximum power point. The proposed tracker can reduce tracking time and keep operation stable.
In order to prove this maximum power tracker, the coreless disc permanent-magnet of generator for wind generator is implemented in this thesis. Because of non-core structure, this generator has high efficiency and high power to weight ratio.
Finally, a hardware scheme consisting of single-chip microprocessor, PIC18F4520, is used in this system, and an experimental hardware scheme with software algorithm is established to prove the proposed principle in expectation to attain the maximum power tracking.

並列關鍵字

Wind power ； MPPT

參考文獻

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