年齡因素對色彩喜好之影響

The Age Factor for Color Preference

龔詩閔(Sin-Min Gong)

指導教授 ： 李文淵

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究之目的在於探討不同年齡對色彩喜好之影響。為達到此目的，本研究規劃了一個實驗調查，並針對實驗結果發展色彩喜好模型。本研究共邀請80位受測者進行實驗，其中包含50位年齡層介於18歲至30歲之年輕族群，以及30位年齡層介於56歲至84歲之高齡族群。

本實驗分為兩個階段，第一階段為訪談，受測者將依訪談人員引導回答色彩喜好之相關問題。於第二階段中受測者則依個人色彩喜好排列11個色樣，其色彩樣本系根據Berlin and Kay 所提的11 個基本色名，包括紅、橘、黃、綠、藍、棕、紫、粉紅、白、黑、灰。

其結果顯示，高齡族群與年輕族群之色彩喜好是有差異的。高齡族群的色彩喜好判斷來自於色彩的彩度，彩度越高越受到高齡族群的喜愛，而年輕族群的色彩喜好則是根據色彩的亮度來決定。此外，我們也歸納出色彩喜好之原因，與喜事有關聯性的色彩對於高齡族群來說是引起色彩喜好的最大宗的因素，對於年輕族群而言，舒服的感覺是決定喜好色的主因。而兩族群則皆不喜歡感覺骯髒的色彩。

依據實驗結果，透過質性分析及量化分析發展不同年齡族群之色彩喜好模型。年輕族群之量化分析模型顯示，其不喜歡中明度及中彩度之色彩，距離亮度為47以及彩度為2越遠的色彩則是越喜愛的。而質化分析模型顯示，其喜歡的色彩為白色，不喜歡的色彩為棕色。高齡族群之量化分析模型顯示，當a* = -4、b* = 9，且亮度接近0為最不喜歡的色彩，換言之，高齡群族最不喜歡的色彩為暗黃色，而距離參考座標(a*, b*) = (-4, 9)越遠則是越喜歡的色彩。於質化分析模型顯示，最不喜歡的顏色為灰色，其次是黑色、棕色，然而，喜歡的色彩在模型中呈現不顯著的結果。

關鍵字

年齡因素 ； 色彩喜好

並列摘要

This study focuses on the age differences on the color preference. A psychophysical experiment was conducted, and the color preference models for different age were developed. Eighty observers took part in the experiment, including 50 observers aged between 18 and 30 years old and 30 observers aged between 56 and 84 years old.
Each observer was required to answer what color they like/dislike and the reason why. After interview, each observer was asked to arrange 11 color patches in order of preference. The color samples used in the experiment were selected from 11 basic color terms (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, brown, purple, pink, white, black and gray colors). Each color was produced according to their boundaries in CIELab space.
The results showed the elder’s color preference differed from younger. The determinate for color preference were chroma and lightness attributes for elder and younger groups, respectively. In addition, the reason for preferred color, elder people like the colors related to joyful events, young people like the comfortable colors. Both elder and young people agree that they didn’t like dirty colors.
In preference models, we used quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to develop models. For younger observers, the model obtained from quantitative analysis indicated that they didn’t like the colors having medium lightness and chroma, the colors farther away from lightness of 47 and chroma of 2 were more preferred. And the model obtained from qualitative analysis showed that the “preferred color” was prompted by white color, the “dislike color” brown color. The color preference model for the elder obtained from quantitative analysis suggested that the most dislike color was located at the coordinates (a*, b*) of (-4, 9) with a lightness close to 0, that is to say that the observers didn’t like dark yellow color , the preferred colors were the colors farther away from this reference coordinates. And the model by using qualitative analysis tell us the “dislike color” applied on gray, black and brown colors. Note that the liked color was insignificant in this model.

並列關鍵字

Age Factor ； Color Preferences

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